自由主義對(duì)美國(guó)十九世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代化的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2021-11-13 02:37
美國(guó)在100年左右的時(shí)間里,實(shí)現(xiàn)了從農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)向工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)變。盡管中外學(xué)者從不同的角度對(duì)美國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)行了研究,但只有少部分是從思想領(lǐng)域入手的。本文對(duì)美國(guó)最有影響力的社會(huì)思潮之一——自由主義進(jìn)行了歷時(shí)性研究,分析了它對(duì)美國(guó)19世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代化的影響。 本文追溯了自由主義在美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束前后的發(fā)展——從約翰·洛克的古典自由主義到亞當(dāng)·斯密的自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或者經(jīng)濟(jì)自由主義,到約翰·密爾和托馬斯·格林的社會(huì)自由主義。這些自由思想反映在四個(gè)原則上,也就是尊重個(gè)人的尊嚴(yán)和自由,相信民主,追求平等和樂觀主義精神。這四個(gè)原則是美國(guó)人最堅(jiān)定不變的價(jià)值觀。本文分析了在這些價(jià)值觀的影響下,總統(tǒng)、聯(lián)邦最高法院的大法官這樣的決策者做出的決定如何直接或間接地促進(jìn)了美國(guó)現(xiàn)代化的過程。文章還援引一些判例和法案補(bǔ)充說明政府在管理經(jīng)濟(jì)的立場(chǎng)上的變化及自由思想對(duì)現(xiàn)代化過程的影響。 最后本文的結(jié)論是除了經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)和資源因素外,自由主義這個(gè)思想因素對(duì)美國(guó)19世紀(jì)的現(xiàn)代化起了一個(gè)催化作用。
【文章來源】:對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:64 頁
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
Abstract(English)
Abstract(Chinese)
1 Introduction
1.1 General description of the study:purpose and validity
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Elaboration on modernization
1.4 Organization of the thesis
2 Liberalism and modernization before the end of American Civil War
2.1 Roots of American liberalism
2.1.1 Liberalism in general
2.1.2 Classical liberalism
2.1.3 Four tenets of American liberalism
2.2 The spirit of liberalism and the cases and acts involved
2.2.1 Self-made man-Andrew Jackson
2.2.2 Representing the interest of the West and the "mobs”
2.2.3 Federal restraint in social and economic affairs
2.2.4 Encouragement for competition
2.2.5 Ideology of work
2.2.6 Equal opportunity and the Homestead Act
2.2.7 Education and the Morrill Land Grant Act
3 Liberalism and modernization after the end of American Civil War
3.1 Popular economic and social theories in the second half of the nineteenth century
3.1.1 Adam Smith and laissez faire
3.1.2 Social Darwinism and its influence
3.1.3 Liberals' reaction to laissez faire and Social Darwinism
3.2 Factors affecting the stance of the federal government
3.3 National government's stance and the cases involved
4 Conclusion
Bibliography
本文編號(hào):3492143
【文章來源】:對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】:64 頁
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
Abstract(English)
Abstract(Chinese)
1 Introduction
1.1 General description of the study:purpose and validity
1.2 Literature review
1.3 Elaboration on modernization
1.4 Organization of the thesis
2 Liberalism and modernization before the end of American Civil War
2.1 Roots of American liberalism
2.1.1 Liberalism in general
2.1.2 Classical liberalism
2.1.3 Four tenets of American liberalism
2.2 The spirit of liberalism and the cases and acts involved
2.2.1 Self-made man-Andrew Jackson
2.2.2 Representing the interest of the West and the "mobs”
2.2.3 Federal restraint in social and economic affairs
2.2.4 Encouragement for competition
2.2.5 Ideology of work
2.2.6 Equal opportunity and the Homestead Act
2.2.7 Education and the Morrill Land Grant Act
3 Liberalism and modernization after the end of American Civil War
3.1 Popular economic and social theories in the second half of the nineteenth century
3.1.1 Adam Smith and laissez faire
3.1.2 Social Darwinism and its influence
3.1.3 Liberals' reaction to laissez faire and Social Darwinism
3.2 Factors affecting the stance of the federal government
3.3 National government's stance and the cases involved
4 Conclusion
Bibliography
本文編號(hào):3492143
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