當(dāng)托馬斯?杰斐遜在美國革命初期提出他的分區(qū)制度構(gòu)想時,這一制度還只是一個公共教育體系,其目的是培養(yǎng)合格的共和公民參與自治,并培養(yǎng)德才兼?zhèn)涞摹疤烊毁F族”承擔(dān)公民代表的職責(zé)。革命結(jié)束后,杰斐遜迫切感到有必要構(gòu)建一個基層體制來為每一位共和公民提供學(xué)校教育和直接參與政治的機會。因此他提議將弗吉尼亞州的每一個縣都劃分成更小的區(qū),以利于公民直接參與地方上的公共事務(wù)。杰斐遜希望公民的積極參政能夠培養(yǎng)和加強他們的自治精神,保障他們的自由與幸福,并防止新生的共和國陷入腐化墮落。這樣杰斐遜的分區(qū)制度構(gòu)想就最終發(fā)展成為杰斐遜共和主義的制度保障。杰斐遜的共和主義思想是他的分區(qū)制度構(gòu)想的理論基礎(chǔ)。論文首先采用Iseult Honohan 的“共和主義基本要素”作為理論框架,從以下五個方面對杰斐遜的共和主義思想進行研究:（1）道德觀,主要特點體現(xiàn)為對道德意識的普遍性和人民的自治能力持樂觀態(tài)度;（2）自由觀,主要特點體現(xiàn)為消極自由與積極自由相結(jié)合;（3）共和政府的標準以及共和國的范圍,主要特點體現(xiàn)為人民直接參政與代議制相結(jié)合;（4）塑造共和公民,主要特點體現(xiàn)為學(xué)校教育與積極參與公共事務(wù)相結(jié)合;（5）共和國的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)... 

【文章來源】：對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：65 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Scope and Purpose
    1.2 Methodology
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 On Republicanism
        2.1.1 Honohan’s Definition and Basic Elements of Republicanism
        2.1.2 On the Intellectual Source and Context of Jefferson’s Conception of Republicanism
    2.2 On Jefferson’s Conception of the Ward System
Chapter 3 The Theoretical Basis of the Ward System: Thomas Jefferson’s Conception of Republicanism
    3.1 Virtue: the Universality of the Moral Sense
    3.2 Freedom: the Synthesis of Negative and Positive Liberties
    3.3 Jefferson’s Criterion of the Republican Government and the Scope of the Republic
        3.3.1 Jefferson’s Synthesis of Participation and Representation
        3.3.2 Jefferson’s Synthesis of Participation and Representation in Retrospect: the Absence and Emergence of a Grass-roots Institution
    3.4 Shaping of Citizens
    3.5 Material Preconditions
Chapter 4 The Contents and Functions of the Ward System: the Institutional Preservation of Jeffersonian Republicanism
    4.1 Universal Free Education for the Shaping of Republican Citizens
        4.1.1 The Three-tiered System of Public Education
        4.1.2 Universal Free Education and Jeffersonian Republicanism
    4.2 The People’s Active Participation in Self-government within Each Ward
        4.2.1 The Institutions of Virginian Counties: Deviation from the Republican Principles
        4.2.2 From the County to the Ward: the New Republican Grass-roots Institution
    4.3 From the Ward to the Extended Republic
        4.3.1 The People’s Representatives: the Natural Aristocrats
        4.3.2 The Four-tiered Structure of the Republican Government
Chapter 5 Conclusion
Bibliography



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