第一屆艾森豪威爾政府南亞援助政策研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-10 12:08
【摘要】： 冷戰(zhàn)時期,美國出于本國安全利益的考慮,為了“遏制”共產(chǎn)主義的發(fā)展,對蘇聯(lián)集團(tuán)形成戰(zhàn)略包圍,開始重視南亞地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略地位,加大對南亞地區(qū)國家的援助。在第一屆艾森豪威爾政府時期,美國在NSC5409號文件的指導(dǎo)下,力圖在南亞建立地區(qū)防御體系,極力拉攏南亞國家加入美國戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟。隨著美國與巴基斯坦結(jié)成“親密”的戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,南亞地區(qū)局勢越發(fā)復(fù)雜。由于與巴基斯坦的固有矛盾,印度和阿富汗逐漸疏遠(yuǎn)美國,蘇聯(lián)趁機通過大規(guī)模的經(jīng)濟滲透擴大在南亞的勢力。在這種情況下,美國采取了用經(jīng)濟技術(shù)援助為主,軍事援助和信息教育交流為輔的政策不斷加強美國在南亞地位和影響力。 本文以唯物主義歷史觀為指導(dǎo),運用國家利益、地緣政治等國際關(guān)系理論,運用歷史學(xué)的研究方法解析艾森豪威爾政府時期有關(guān)南亞政策的國家檔案和文獻(xiàn),力圖揭示第一屆艾森豪威爾政府時期美國對南亞援助政策的全貌。該政策作為美國冷戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)略的組成部分,其實質(zhì)是美國利用南亞地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略位置,鞏固其地區(qū)安全防御體系,遏制蘇聯(lián)和中國的產(chǎn)物。 全文由三部分組成: 第一部分:分析了第一屆艾森豪威爾政府南亞援助政策出臺的原因以及背景。包括:國際形勢以及美國對外援助政策的形成;冷戰(zhàn)初期南亞的形勢;NSC98/1號文件的出臺以及杜魯門政府時期對南亞的政策。 第二部分:著重分析指導(dǎo)第一屆艾森豪威爾政府時期美國南亞政策的NSC5409系列文件。包括:艾森豪威爾時期國家對外政策的轉(zhuǎn)變;SE-32、NIE-79對上一階段南亞形勢的評估;NSC5409號文件的出臺;第一屆艾森豪威爾政府對南亞援助政策的實施,包括經(jīng)濟援助、軍事援助和信息教育援助等方面 第三部分:對這一時期美國政府的南亞援助政策進(jìn)行了評價。敘述了美國對南亞政策的特點和影響。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, for the sake of its own security interests, the United States, in order to "curb" the development of communism, formed a strategic siege on the Soviet bloc, began to attach importance to the strategic position of South Asia, and increased its assistance to countries in South Asia. During the first Eisenhower administration, under the guidance of document NSC5409, the United States tried to establish a regional defense system in South Asia and tried its best to attract South Asian countries to join the United States Strategic Alliance. With the close strategic partnership between the United States and Pakistan, the situation in South Asia is becoming more and more complex. As a result of inherent contradictions with Pakistan and the gradual alienation of India and Afghanistan from the United States, the Soviet Union took the opportunity to expand its presence in South Asia through large-scale economic infiltration. Under such circumstances, the United States has adopted a policy of using economic and technical assistance, supplemented by military assistance and information education exchange, to continuously strengthen the position and influence of the United States in South Asia. Under the guidance of materialist view of history, this paper analyzes the national archives and literature on South Asia policy during the Eisenhower administration by using the theories of international relations such as national interests and geopolitics, and tries to reveal the whole picture of American aid policy to South Asia during the first Eisenhower administration. As an integral part of the Cold War strategy of the United States, the essence of this policy is that the United States makes use of the strategic position of South Asia to consolidate its regional security defense system and contain the products of the Soviet Union and China. The full text is composed of three parts: the first part: analyzes the reasons and background of the first Eisenhower administration's South Asia aid policy. Including: the international situation and the formation of American foreign aid policy; the situation in South Asia at the beginning of the Cold War; the introduction of document NSC98/1 and the policy towards South Asia during the Truman government. The second part focuses on the analysis of the NSC5409 series of documents guiding the South Asia policy of the United States during the first Eisenhower administration. Including: the transformation of national foreign policy in Eisenhower period; the evaluation of the situation in South Asia by SE-32,NIE-79; the introduction of document NSC5409; the implementation of the aid policy in South Asia by the first Eisenhower administration, including economic assistance, military assistance and information education assistance; the third part: the evaluation of the South Asian aid policy of the US government during this period. This paper describes the characteristics and influence of American policy towards South Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712
本文編號：2512594
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, for the sake of its own security interests, the United States, in order to "curb" the development of communism, formed a strategic siege on the Soviet bloc, began to attach importance to the strategic position of South Asia, and increased its assistance to countries in South Asia. During the first Eisenhower administration, under the guidance of document NSC5409, the United States tried to establish a regional defense system in South Asia and tried its best to attract South Asian countries to join the United States Strategic Alliance. With the close strategic partnership between the United States and Pakistan, the situation in South Asia is becoming more and more complex. As a result of inherent contradictions with Pakistan and the gradual alienation of India and Afghanistan from the United States, the Soviet Union took the opportunity to expand its presence in South Asia through large-scale economic infiltration. Under such circumstances, the United States has adopted a policy of using economic and technical assistance, supplemented by military assistance and information education exchange, to continuously strengthen the position and influence of the United States in South Asia. Under the guidance of materialist view of history, this paper analyzes the national archives and literature on South Asia policy during the Eisenhower administration by using the theories of international relations such as national interests and geopolitics, and tries to reveal the whole picture of American aid policy to South Asia during the first Eisenhower administration. As an integral part of the Cold War strategy of the United States, the essence of this policy is that the United States makes use of the strategic position of South Asia to consolidate its regional security defense system and contain the products of the Soviet Union and China. The full text is composed of three parts: the first part: analyzes the reasons and background of the first Eisenhower administration's South Asia aid policy. Including: the international situation and the formation of American foreign aid policy; the situation in South Asia at the beginning of the Cold War; the introduction of document NSC98/1 and the policy towards South Asia during the Truman government. The second part focuses on the analysis of the NSC5409 series of documents guiding the South Asia policy of the United States during the first Eisenhower administration. Including: the transformation of national foreign policy in Eisenhower period; the evaluation of the situation in South Asia by SE-32,NIE-79; the introduction of document NSC5409; the implementation of the aid policy in South Asia by the first Eisenhower administration, including economic assistance, military assistance and information education assistance; the third part: the evaluation of the South Asian aid policy of the US government during this period. This paper describes the characteristics and influence of American policy towards South Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712
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