【摘要】： 20世紀30、40年代,人類歷史發(fā)展進程中最為重大的事件是第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)不僅深刻地影響了世界各國人民的生產(chǎn)、生活和思想觀念,同時也對民族、民主國家政策的制定和世界國際關(guān)系的演變產(chǎn)生重大影響。日本、德國和意大利這三個法西斯國家,以及它們所結(jié)成的法西斯軍事同盟,對當時的世界格局和國際關(guān)系所產(chǎn)生的影響最為深遠�？梢哉f,法西斯“軍事軸心同盟”的形成,改變了當時國際關(guān)系的既成格局,也在某種程度上深刻地制約著遠東國際關(guān)系的發(fā)展態(tài)勢,甚至促成了戰(zhàn)后國際關(guān)系的變化。 本文主要利用日本原始檔案資料并借鑒國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果,力圖追溯從“防共協(xié)定”到“三國同盟”形成過程中,日本對德政策發(fā)展演變軌跡,揭示日本對德政策的真實意圖,展現(xiàn)日德軍事同盟關(guān)系的實態(tài)。其中,最重要的問題是日本和德國由“防共協(xié)定”走向軍事同盟過程中,日、德之間曾謀求軍事聯(lián)合作戰(zhàn)計劃,而在具體侵略戰(zhàn)爭中又為何沒有進行實質(zhì)性的聯(lián)合作戰(zhàn)。因而,理清從“防共協(xié)定”到軍事同盟形成過程中日本對德政策的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),探求日本對德軍事同盟政策的本質(zhì)和動機,有助于我們對日本所發(fā)動的侵略戰(zhàn)爭和侵略歷史進行全面分析和認知。 本文綜合運用歷史學(xué)理論、國際關(guān)系和國際政治學(xué)理論,最終力圖說明以下問題:(1)日本為了實現(xiàn)“吞并滿蒙,獨霸中國,稱霸亞洲”的侵略擴張計劃,放棄了對英、美“協(xié)調(diào)外交”路線,最終挑戰(zhàn)“凡爾賽——華盛頓”體系,退出國際聯(lián)盟和世界裁軍條約,同德國締結(jié)“防共協(xié)定”和軍事同盟;(2)從“防共協(xié)定”到軍事同盟形成過程中,日本對德政策始終呈現(xiàn)階段性變化特點,具體表現(xiàn)為:第一、日本同德國締結(jié)“防共協(xié)定”,為了借助德國力量牽制蘇聯(lián),以期實現(xiàn)獨霸中國的目的;第二、要求德國對日本侵華戰(zhàn)爭予以“道義和精神上”的支持,并選擇德國作為日本對華進行“政治誘降”的“中介”,最終達到把英、美等勢力逐出中國的目的,以實現(xiàn)所謂的“日、滿、華共榮”;第三、同德國締結(jié)軍事同盟,以期借助德國力量,謀求日、德、意、蘇“四國軍事同盟”,并企圖通過“四國同盟”力量,壓制美國,使美國放棄參戰(zhàn),完成日本在太平洋地區(qū)的侵略擴張計劃,最終實現(xiàn)所謂的“大東亞共榮”;(3)軍事同盟形成后,日本并沒有任何有效策應(yīng)德軍對蘇聯(lián)進攻的軍事意圖,雖然德國再三要求日本從西伯利亞發(fā)動攻勢,但實際上亦沒有抱太大期待。
[Abstract]:In 1930 s, the most important event in the development of human history was the outbreak of World War II. The second World War not only deeply affected the production, life and ideas of people all over the world, but also had a great impact on the formulation of national and democratic policies and the evolution of world international relations. The three fascist countries, Japan, Germany and Italy, and the fascist military alliance they formed, had the most profound influence on the world pattern and international relations at that time. It can be said that the formation of fascist "military axis alliance" changed the pattern of international relations at that time, and, to some extent, deeply restricted the development trend of international relations in the far East, and even contributed to the changes in international relations after the war. This paper mainly uses the original archival data of Japan and draws lessons from the relevant research results at home and abroad, and tries to trace back to the development and evolution of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of the formation of the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the "Alliance of three countries". It reveals the true intention of Japan's policy towards Germany and shows the reality of the military alliance between Japan and Germany. Among them, the most important question is why Japan and Germany did not carry out substantive joint operations in the process of moving from the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the military alliance, when Japan and Germany sought a plan for joint military operations, and why they did not carry out substantive joint operations in a specific war of aggression. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the development of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, and to explore the nature and motivation of Japan's military alliance policy towards Germany. It is helpful for us to make a comprehensive analysis and cognition of the war of aggression and the history of aggression waged by Japan. Based on the theory of history, international relations and international politics, this paper finally tries to explain the following problems: (1) in order to realize the aggressive and expansion plan of "annexing Manchu Mongolia, dominating China and dominating Asia", Japan abandoned its aggression and expansion plan against Britain. The United States "coordinated diplomacy" route, finally challenged the "Versailles-Washington" system, withdrew from the League of Nations and world disarmament treaties, and concluded the Agreement on the Prevention of Communism and the military Alliance with Germany; (2) in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, Japan's policy towards Germany has always shown the characteristics of phased changes, as follows: first, Japan has concluded a "anti-communist agreement" with Germany in order to contain the Soviet Union with the help of German forces. In order to achieve the goal of dominating China; Second, Germany is required to give "moral and spiritual" support to the Japanese war of aggression against China, and to choose Germany as the "intermediary" for Japan to carry out "political inducement" against China, so as to finally achieve the goal of driving British, American and other forces out of China. In order to realize the so-called "day, Manchu, Huaxong prosperity"; Third, to conclude a military alliance with Germany with a view to seeking a "four-nation military alliance" between Japan, Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union with the help of German forces, and to try to suppress the United States through the force of the "four-nation alliance" and make the United States give up participating in the war. Complete Japan's aggressive and expansion plan in the Pacific region, and finally realize the so-called "Greater East Asia Co-prosperity"; (3) after the formation of the military alliance, Japan did not have any effective military intention to respond to the German offensive against the Soviet Union. Although Germany repeatedly asked Japan to launch an offensive from Siberia, in fact, it did not have much expectation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K313

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