【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,東歐成為美國(guó)和蘇聯(lián)博弈的焦點(diǎn)。為了穩(wěn)定政治局勢(shì),遏制蘇聯(lián),美國(guó)實(shí)施了馬歇爾計(jì)劃,而蘇聯(lián)為了反抗和回?fù)裘绹?guó)施行的“馬歇爾計(jì)劃”,組織推行了“莫洛托夫計(jì)劃”�！澳逋蟹蛴�(jì)劃”的實(shí)施在對(duì)東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)政策產(chǎn)生影響的同時(shí),也對(duì)蘇聯(lián)的對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)政策產(chǎn)生了很大影響,并為其后社會(huì)主義陣營(yíng)的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ)。為了能夠?qū)δ逋蟹蛴?jì)劃及蘇聯(lián)對(duì)東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)政策有一個(gè)深入的認(rèn)識(shí),本文從莫洛托夫計(jì)劃—蘇聯(lián)對(duì)東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)政策切入,通過(guò)查找史料和研究文獻(xiàn),論述了莫洛托夫計(jì)劃實(shí)施的背景,并從經(jīng)濟(jì)援助、戰(zhàn)后同盟、政治合作、軍事安全帶這幾個(gè)方面闡述莫洛托夫計(jì)劃的具體內(nèi)容,再此基礎(chǔ)上,分析這一時(shí)期蘇聯(lián)對(duì)東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的影響,包括特點(diǎn)、作用和弊端。最后明確提出“莫洛托夫計(jì)劃”雖然極大地促進(jìn)了戰(zhàn)后蘇聯(lián)和東歐的復(fù)興,加強(qiáng)了蘇聯(lián)與東歐社會(huì)主義國(guó)家之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)交往,但卻制約了東歐國(guó)家和西方國(guó)家間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系,也是導(dǎo)致蘇聯(lián)、東歐嚴(yán)重背離世界經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易體系的因素之一,東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展越來(lái)越落后于西歐的觀點(diǎn)。通過(guò)莫洛托夫計(jì)劃看蘇聯(lián)對(duì)東歐經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,有利于我們更為全面完整的認(rèn)識(shí)蘇聯(lián)的對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,對(duì)于冷戰(zhàn)史的研究也具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:After World War II, Eastern Europe became the focus of the game between the United States and the Soviet Union. In order to stabilize the political situation and contain the Soviet Union, the United States implemented the Marshall Plan, while the Soviet Union organized the "Molotov Plan" to resist and counter-attack the "Marshall Plan" carried out by the United States. The implementation of the Molotov Plan not only had an impact on the economic policy of Eastern Europe, but also had a great impact on the foreign economic policy of the Soviet Union, and laid the foundation for the formation of the socialist camp after that. In order to have an in-depth understanding of the Molotov Plan and the Soviet Union's economic policy towards Eastern Europe, this paper focuses on the Molotov Plan, the Soviet Union's economic policy towards Eastern Europe, and looks up historical data and research documents. This paper discusses the background of the implementation of the Molotov Plan, and expounds the specific contents of the Molotov Plan from the aspects of economic assistance, post-war alliance, political cooperation and military seat belts, on the basis of which, This paper analyzes the influence of the Soviet Union on the economic policy of Eastern Europe in this period, including its characteristics, functions and disadvantages. Finally, it is clearly pointed out that although the "Molotov Plan" greatly promoted the revival of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe after the war and strengthened the economic exchanges between the Soviet Union and the socialist countries in Eastern Europe, it restricted the trade relations between the Eastern European countries and the Western countries. It is also one of the factors causing the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe to deviate from the world economic and trade system, and the economic development of Eastern Europe lags behind that of Western Europe more and more. Through Molotov's plan to see the Soviet Union's economic policy towards Eastern Europe, it is helpful for us to understand the Soviet Union's foreign economic policy in a more comprehensive and complete way, and it is also of great significance to the study of the history of cold war.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K512.55

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