第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后美國對土耳其的安全保證（1948-1952）
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-10 09:12
【摘要】： 本文分三章,系統(tǒng)闡述了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后美國對土耳其安全保證的決策過程。 第一章主要是分析了戰(zhàn)后初期美國與土耳其之間關(guān)系的發(fā)展。文章首先闡述了土耳其海峽問題,土耳其周邊不利的國際環(huán)境,西歐未將土耳其納入西歐的防御體系,對戰(zhàn)后土耳其的安全困境進行簡要概述。然后從戰(zhàn)后美國的對外政策中,梳理美國對土耳其的政策。美國在杜魯門主義和馬歇爾計劃中,都對土耳其給予了一定的關(guān)照。但是戰(zhàn)后美國對土耳其的政策仍在搖擺之中,這在戰(zhàn)后發(fā)生在蘇聯(lián)與土耳其之間的海峽問題中可以初見端倪。 第二章主要內(nèi)容是土耳其向美國尋求安全保證以及美國的反應。戰(zhàn)后國際環(huán)境的變化,使土耳其極其擔憂自己的安全。于是土耳其就開始試探獲取美國的安全保證,主要方式是土耳其欲與美國簽訂《地中海公約》,或是土耳其加入籌建中的北約,美國對此一一拒絕。 第三章主要闡述了美國從堅決拒絕對土耳其進行正式安全保證到最終以支持加入北約的方式做出安全保證的轉(zhuǎn)變歷程。其間美國以土耳其既不屬于大西洋沿岸國家又不屬于歐洲國家,美國本身承受的世界義務過多為理由,拒不給予土耳其安全保證,但是朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā),美國開始轉(zhuǎn)變對外戰(zhàn)略,也帶動了美國對土耳其的重新認識,最終同意土耳其加入北約,同時完成了對土耳其的安全保證。
[Abstract]:This paper consists of three chapters, which systematically describes the decision-making process of American security guarantee to Turkey after the second World War. The first chapter mainly analyzes the development of the relations between the United States and Turkey in the early postwar period. Firstly, this paper expounds the issue of the Turkish Strait, the unfavorable international environment around Turkey, and the failure of Western Europe to incorporate Turkey into the defense system of Western Europe, and gives a brief overview of Turkey's security dilemma after the war. Then from the post-war foreign policy of the United States, comb the United States policy towards Turkey. In Trumenism and the Marshall Plan, the United States has given some attention to Turkey. But America's post-war policy toward Turkey is still wobbling, a first sign of the post-war straits between the Soviet Union and Turkey. The second chapter is mainly about Turkey's seeking security assurances from the United States and its reaction to the United States. Changes in the international environment after the war have made Turkey extremely worried about its own security. So Turkey began to explore the security assurances of the United States, mainly by Turkey and the United States to sign the Mediterranean Convention, or Turkey to join the NATO, the United States refused to do so. The third chapter mainly expounds the transition course of the United States from firmly refusing to give formal security assurances to Turkey and finally making security assurances by supporting NATO entry. In the meantime, the United States refused to give Turkey security assurances on the grounds that Turkey is neither a member of the Atlantic Coast State nor a European country, and that the United States itself bears too many world obligations, but the outbreak of the Korean War, The United States began to shift its foreign strategy, also led to a new understanding of Turkey, finally agreed to Turkey's accession to NATO, while completing its security assurances to Turkey.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712.54
本文編號：2455670
[Abstract]:This paper consists of three chapters, which systematically describes the decision-making process of American security guarantee to Turkey after the second World War. The first chapter mainly analyzes the development of the relations between the United States and Turkey in the early postwar period. Firstly, this paper expounds the issue of the Turkish Strait, the unfavorable international environment around Turkey, and the failure of Western Europe to incorporate Turkey into the defense system of Western Europe, and gives a brief overview of Turkey's security dilemma after the war. Then from the post-war foreign policy of the United States, comb the United States policy towards Turkey. In Trumenism and the Marshall Plan, the United States has given some attention to Turkey. But America's post-war policy toward Turkey is still wobbling, a first sign of the post-war straits between the Soviet Union and Turkey. The second chapter is mainly about Turkey's seeking security assurances from the United States and its reaction to the United States. Changes in the international environment after the war have made Turkey extremely worried about its own security. So Turkey began to explore the security assurances of the United States, mainly by Turkey and the United States to sign the Mediterranean Convention, or Turkey to join the NATO, the United States refused to do so. The third chapter mainly expounds the transition course of the United States from firmly refusing to give formal security assurances to Turkey and finally making security assurances by supporting NATO entry. In the meantime, the United States refused to give Turkey security assurances on the grounds that Turkey is neither a member of the Atlantic Coast State nor a European country, and that the United States itself bears too many world obligations, but the outbreak of the Korean War, The United States began to shift its foreign strategy, also led to a new understanding of Turkey, finally agreed to Turkey's accession to NATO, while completing its security assurances to Turkey.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712.54
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