試析特魯多的“公正社會”
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-11 12:57
【摘要】： 加拿大是一個多民族、多種族的多元文化國家。在兩大立國民族——英裔和法裔共同生活的廣袤領(lǐng)土上,隨著越來越多的其他族裔移民定居加拿大,民族和種族問題成為加拿大政治和社會生活中的一個十分棘手的問題。自上世紀(jì)四五十年代以來,法裔和英裔矛盾加劇,魁北克分離運(yùn)動高漲;西方資本主義國家在經(jīng)過戰(zhàn)后的“黃金發(fā)展期”后出現(xiàn)滯脹現(xiàn)象。面臨如此眾多的問題,如何建立一個和諧的多元文化社會,是加拿大政治家亟待解決的重大問題。1968年皮埃爾·埃利奧特·特魯多出任聯(lián)邦政府總理,試圖以“公正社會”藍(lán)圖來描繪加拿大的未來。本文擬就特魯多任職16年中,在諸多領(lǐng)域圍繞構(gòu)建“公正社會”的重大政策的制定和實(shí)施來探討其得失。 本文主要由引言、正文和結(jié)語組成: 引言,關(guān)于本文的選題意義和國內(nèi)外研究動態(tài)。 第一部分,特魯多“公正社會”理念概述。這一部分重點(diǎn)介紹特魯多的成長經(jīng)歷和“公正社會”理念的發(fā)展形成過程。 第二部分,語言和文化政策。主要從《官方語言法案》和多元文化主義政策入手�！豆俜秸Z言法案》提高了法語的地位,暫時緩和了法裔和英裔加拿大人之間的尖銳矛盾;特魯多政府采用多元文化主義政策繁榮了加拿大的文化,同時又使各民族保持其獨(dú)特的文化傳統(tǒng)。 第三部分,《權(quán)利和自由憲章》。《1982年憲法法》的頒布使加拿大擁有了第一部真正意義上的憲法,而《權(quán)利和自由憲章》的加入使公民的基本權(quán)利和自由得到法律上的確認(rèn)。《權(quán)利和自由憲章》也成為憲法中最為重要的部分。 第四部分,經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。以1975年的工資物價管制和1980年的國家能源計(jì)劃為例,分析聯(lián)邦政府是如何應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)帶來的通貨膨脹和高失業(yè)問題的;特魯多政府如何與阿爾伯達(dá)省政府就能源問題達(dá)成協(xié)議,避免國際油價對加拿大的沖擊的。 結(jié)語。對特魯多“公正社會”綱領(lǐng)的實(shí)施加以總結(jié),肯定特魯多為加拿大作出的貢獻(xiàn),同時也指出其政策中的不足之處。
[Abstract]:Canada is a multi-national, multi-racial and multi-cultural country. In the vast territory where the two founding nations, British and French, live together, as more and more other ethnic immigrants settle in Canada, the issue of nationality and race has become a very difficult issue in Canadian political and social life. Since the 1940s and 1950s, the conflicts between French and British have intensified, Quebec secession movement has been on the rise, and the phenomenon of stagflation has appeared in western capitalist countries after the "golden development period" after the war. Faced with so many problems, how to build a harmonious multicultural society is a major problem for Canadian politicians. In 1968, Pierre Eliot Trudeau became prime minister of the federal government. An attempt was made to map Canada's future with a "just society" blueprint. In his 16 years in office, this paper attempts to discuss the gains and losses of Trudeau in many fields, focusing on the formulation and implementation of major policies to build a "just society". This paper mainly consists of introduction, text and conclusion: introduction, the significance of this topic and domestic and foreign research trends. The first part is an overview of Trudeau's concept of a just society. This part focuses on Trudeau's growth experience and the formation of the concept of a just society. The second part, language and cultural policy. Mainly from the official language Act and multiculturalism policy. The official language Act improved the status of French, temporarily eased the sharp contradiction between French and British Canadians; Trudeau's policy of multiculturalism has prospered Canadian culture while preserving its unique cultural traditions. Part three, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The enactment of the Constitution Act 1982 gave Canada the first true constitution, The addition of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms makes the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens legally recognized. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms also becomes the most important part of the Constitution. The fourth part, economic policy. Take wage price controls in 1975 and the National Energy Plan in 1980 as examples to analyze how the federal government has responded to the inflation and high unemployment caused by the economic crisis; How the Trudeau government reached an agreement with the Alberta government on energy to avoid the impact of international oil prices on Canada. Conclusion This paper summarizes the implementation of Trudeau's "just Society" program, affirms Trudeau's contribution to Canada, and points out the inadequacies of his policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K711.52
本文編號：2407161
[Abstract]:Canada is a multi-national, multi-racial and multi-cultural country. In the vast territory where the two founding nations, British and French, live together, as more and more other ethnic immigrants settle in Canada, the issue of nationality and race has become a very difficult issue in Canadian political and social life. Since the 1940s and 1950s, the conflicts between French and British have intensified, Quebec secession movement has been on the rise, and the phenomenon of stagflation has appeared in western capitalist countries after the "golden development period" after the war. Faced with so many problems, how to build a harmonious multicultural society is a major problem for Canadian politicians. In 1968, Pierre Eliot Trudeau became prime minister of the federal government. An attempt was made to map Canada's future with a "just society" blueprint. In his 16 years in office, this paper attempts to discuss the gains and losses of Trudeau in many fields, focusing on the formulation and implementation of major policies to build a "just society". This paper mainly consists of introduction, text and conclusion: introduction, the significance of this topic and domestic and foreign research trends. The first part is an overview of Trudeau's concept of a just society. This part focuses on Trudeau's growth experience and the formation of the concept of a just society. The second part, language and cultural policy. Mainly from the official language Act and multiculturalism policy. The official language Act improved the status of French, temporarily eased the sharp contradiction between French and British Canadians; Trudeau's policy of multiculturalism has prospered Canadian culture while preserving its unique cultural traditions. Part three, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The enactment of the Constitution Act 1982 gave Canada the first true constitution, The addition of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms makes the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens legally recognized. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms also becomes the most important part of the Constitution. The fourth part, economic policy. Take wage price controls in 1975 and the National Energy Plan in 1980 as examples to analyze how the federal government has responded to the inflation and high unemployment caused by the economic crisis; How the Trudeau government reached an agreement with the Alberta government on energy to avoid the impact of international oil prices on Canada. Conclusion This paper summarizes the implementation of Trudeau's "just Society" program, affirms Trudeau's contribution to Canada, and points out the inadequacies of his policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K711.52
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