應對戴高樂主義:美國對法政策研究(1958-1968)
[Abstract]:In June 1958, de Gaulle took charge of France for the second time, pursuing Gaullism's foreign policy and challenging American hegemony. In the face of the challenge of de Gaullism, this paper mainly examines the decision-making process, policy implementation and effect of the United States. From June to July 1958, Charles de Gaulle issued a de Gaullism diplomatic declaration to Britain and the United States one after another. While the United States welcomed de Gaulle to power, it did not welcome it. From 1958 to 1960, de Gaulle proposed a "September Memorandum" to restructure NATO. The Mediterranean Fleet, which is part of NATO, was withdrawn and the first successful nuclear test was conducted. While the Eisenhower administration agreed to the trilateral talks, it rejected the fundamental principles of de Gaullism. During the Kennedy administration, the contradiction between the United States and France became more open, which was embodied in the differences of European strategy between the two sides. Kennedy wants grand plans, de Gaulle wants greatness, and two different European strategies inevitably collide. Kennedy was more aggressive than his predecessor in dealing with de Gaullism and ended up losing both. The grand plan was not completed, and the construction of Europe in de Gaullism was thwarted. After Johnson succeeded the presidency, Charles de Gaulle first recognized the new China in January 1964, then in March 1966 proposed to withdraw completely from NATO military integration, the contradiction between the United States and France reached its climax. In the face of these challenges from Charles de Gaulle, Johnson adopted a cautious policy. As a result, the United States contained the impact of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France, strengthened NATO, and succeeded in keeping France in the alliance. Through a thorough discussion of some important issues and a comprehensive perspective on the relationship between the United States and France during the Charles de Gaulle period, we can find that although the United States and France have been in constant contradiction, they still maintain an alliance relationship. The United States and France maintain the alliance with both interests and ideological factors. The turbulent alliance is the basic characteristic of American-French relations. America's policy toward de Gaullism was basically successful. The United States maintained its hegemony in the West, strengthened NATO, prevented proliferation to Germany and weakened the influence of de Gaullism. De Gaullism, however, did not achieve great success. It achieved independence, not greatness.
【學位授予單位】:首都師范大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2008
【分類號】:K712.54
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