二十世紀(jì)六十至七十年代美國和平隊(duì)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-02 10:40
【摘要】：20世紀(jì)50年代中期以來,由于歐洲局勢的相對穩(wěn)定和新興國家地位的日益重要,第三世界成為美蘇爭霸的重要內(nèi)容之一。60年代初,肯尼迪當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)后對美國的外交政策作出了部分調(diào)整,在對第三世界的爭奪中,更強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)援助等非軍事手段,在此背景下“和平隊(duì)”應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。它是美國政府創(chuàng)建的,以美國青年為主體,以發(fā)展中國家為對象,通過向當(dāng)?shù)乩习傩者M(jìn)行面對面、手把手的技術(shù)援助服務(wù),幫助他們提高教育水平、促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)療保健及社區(qū)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步,提高草根階層的生活條件的志愿者援助組織。 本論文對這一問題的論述,是分四部分來進(jìn)行的。 第一章,回顧了美國對第三世界國家的援助政策。通過對二戰(zhàn)后初期至60年代末美國對第三世界援助政策的回顧,揭示出肯尼迪關(guān)于和平隊(duì)的構(gòu)想并不是其首創(chuàng)的,而是戰(zhàn)后至六十年代美國一系列對外援助政策的延續(xù),是對戰(zhàn)后美國對外援助工作反思的結(jié)果,當(dāng)然這也為美國對外援助注入了新的內(nèi)容。 第二章,闡述了美國和平隊(duì)的創(chuàng)建過程。主要包括1961—1968年和平隊(duì)創(chuàng)立的動因、創(chuàng)建的過程以及在第三世界國家的活動情況。通過對和平隊(duì)創(chuàng)立的動因、創(chuàng)建的過程、在第三世界國家活動情況的描述和分析,揭示和平隊(duì)的內(nèi)涵及其在美國對外政策中的作用。 第三章,論述了美國政府對和平隊(duì)的政策調(diào)整。1969—1974年是和平隊(duì)自成立以來其發(fā)展相對困難的時(shí)期,美國政府對和平隊(duì)作出政策調(diào)整。本章試圖從尼克松政府對和平隊(duì)政策調(diào)整的動因、調(diào)整的內(nèi)容出發(fā),進(jìn)一步揭示和平隊(duì)命運(yùn)盛衰是隨著冷戰(zhàn)的發(fā)展和美國政府的更迭而跌宕起伏的,但其適應(yīng)美國對外政策需要,服務(wù)于美國國家利益的宗旨是不變的。 第四章,論述了美國和平隊(duì)的影響。就其整個(gè)發(fā)展歷程而言,和平隊(duì)不僅對發(fā)展中國家社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和發(fā)展起到了一定的推動作用,亦對美國社會帶來了深刻的變化。
[Abstract]:Since the mid-1950s, due to the relative stability of the situation in Europe and the growing importance of the status of emerging countries, the third World has become one of the important contents of the struggle for hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union. After Kennedy was elected President of the United States, he made some adjustments to the foreign policy of the United States. In the contention for the third World, he emphasized non-military means such as economic aid. Under this background, the "Peace Corps" emerged as the times require. It was created by the US government to help the young people of the United States improve their educational level and promote agriculture by providing face-to-face, hand-held technical assistance services to local people, especially in developing countries. Health care and community development progress, improve grassroots living conditions of volunteer aid organizations. This paper discusses this problem, is divided into four parts to carry on. The first chapter reviews the aid policy of the United States to the third world countries. By reviewing the aid policy of the United States to the third World War from the beginning of the second World War to the end of the 1960s, it is revealed that Kennedy's conception of the Peace Corps was not its first, but a continuation of a series of foreign aid policies of the United States from the post-war to the sixties. It is the result of introspection on American foreign aid work after the war, which has also injected new contents into American foreign aid. The second chapter, elaborated the American Peace Corps establishment process. It mainly includes the reasons for the Peace Corps's creation, the process of its creation, and its activities in the third World countries. Through the description and analysis of the motivation, process and activities of the Peace Corps in the third World countries, the connotation of the Peace Corps and its role in American foreign policy are revealed. The third chapter discusses the policy adjustment of the United States government to the Peace Corps. 1969-1974 was a relatively difficult period for the Peace Corps to develop since its establishment, and the United States Government made a policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. This chapter tries to further reveal that the fate of the Peace Corps rose and fell with the development of the Cold War and the change of American government from the perspective of the reasons and contents of the Nixon Administration's policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. However, its purpose of serving the national interests of the United States is unchanged in accordance with the needs of American foreign policy. Chapter four discusses the influence of American Peace Corps. As far as its whole development is concerned, the Peace Corps not only promotes the society, economy and development of developing countries, but also brings profound changes to American society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K712.54
本文編號：2398390
[Abstract]:Since the mid-1950s, due to the relative stability of the situation in Europe and the growing importance of the status of emerging countries, the third World has become one of the important contents of the struggle for hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union. After Kennedy was elected President of the United States, he made some adjustments to the foreign policy of the United States. In the contention for the third World, he emphasized non-military means such as economic aid. Under this background, the "Peace Corps" emerged as the times require. It was created by the US government to help the young people of the United States improve their educational level and promote agriculture by providing face-to-face, hand-held technical assistance services to local people, especially in developing countries. Health care and community development progress, improve grassroots living conditions of volunteer aid organizations. This paper discusses this problem, is divided into four parts to carry on. The first chapter reviews the aid policy of the United States to the third world countries. By reviewing the aid policy of the United States to the third World War from the beginning of the second World War to the end of the 1960s, it is revealed that Kennedy's conception of the Peace Corps was not its first, but a continuation of a series of foreign aid policies of the United States from the post-war to the sixties. It is the result of introspection on American foreign aid work after the war, which has also injected new contents into American foreign aid. The second chapter, elaborated the American Peace Corps establishment process. It mainly includes the reasons for the Peace Corps's creation, the process of its creation, and its activities in the third World countries. Through the description and analysis of the motivation, process and activities of the Peace Corps in the third World countries, the connotation of the Peace Corps and its role in American foreign policy are revealed. The third chapter discusses the policy adjustment of the United States government to the Peace Corps. 1969-1974 was a relatively difficult period for the Peace Corps to develop since its establishment, and the United States Government made a policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. This chapter tries to further reveal that the fate of the Peace Corps rose and fell with the development of the Cold War and the change of American government from the perspective of the reasons and contents of the Nixon Administration's policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. However, its purpose of serving the national interests of the United States is unchanged in accordance with the needs of American foreign policy. Chapter four discusses the influence of American Peace Corps. As far as its whole development is concerned, the Peace Corps not only promotes the society, economy and development of developing countries, but also brings profound changes to American society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K712.54
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