【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)之后,印度和巴基斯坦相繼獨立。印巴之間的對立構(gòu)成了南亞國際關(guān)系的基本面,使得南亞國際局勢進入了新的歷史時期。面對印強巴弱的現(xiàn)實,弱小的巴基斯坦迫切需要借助外部大國力量的援手,以抵消印巴雙方力量不均衡而對自身安全和利益的威脅。在當(dāng)時美蘇冷戰(zhàn)的國際背景下,中美蘇三大國立足于各自的戰(zhàn)略利益,先后介入南亞爭端,從而使南亞被納入到全球冷戰(zhàn)的軌道之中。印巴兩國基于各自不同的安全和利益訴求,與大國之間產(chǎn)生了復(fù)雜多變的利益糾葛。中美巴友好關(guān)系就是在美蘇冷戰(zhàn)的國際局勢與南亞區(qū)域矛盾的發(fā)展相互影響、相互作用的情況下,得以形成和發(fā)展的,它是國際冷戰(zhàn)與印巴對立的綜合產(chǎn)物。20世紀70年代中美巴友好關(guān)系的最終形成極大改變了南亞的力量對比,刺激了印蘇同盟的形成。此后在南亞就形成了印蘇一方與中美巴一方強強對抗的態(tài)勢,這對以后南亞國際局勢的走向產(chǎn)生了重要影響。 本文以冷戰(zhàn)時期中美巴三邊關(guān)系為研究對象,以1947年至1971年為時間界限,主要探討這一時間段內(nèi)中美巴三邊關(guān)系從萌芽到最終定型的發(fā)展演變歷程。本文正文共分為三章,第一章選擇1947和1954年為時間點,是為中美巴三邊關(guān)系的緣起階段,重點分析巴基斯坦獨立及其對外政策,印巴爭端,中巴關(guān)系的初步發(fā)展以及美巴關(guān)系的起步；第二章以1954年和1962年為時間點,是為三邊關(guān)系的發(fā)展階段,論述了美巴同盟建立的背景和過程,以及美巴同盟的建立對中巴友好關(guān)系的嚴重影響；第三章選擇1962年到1971年為時間段,是為三邊關(guān)系的發(fā)展、深化階段,探討了在此期間南亞大國關(guān)系的變化,以及中美巴友好關(guān)系的最終定型。
[Abstract]:After World War II, India and Pakistan became independent one after another. The antagonism between India and Pakistan constitutes the fundamental aspect of international relations in South Asia and makes the international situation in South Asia enter a new historical period. In the face of the reality that India is strong and Pakistan is weak, weak Pakistan urgently needs the help of outside powers to counteract the threat to its own security and interests caused by the imbalance of power between India and Pakistan. In the international background of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union at that time, the three great powers of China, the United States and the Soviet Union, based on their respective strategic interests, intervened in the South Asian disputes successively, thus bringing South Asia into the track of the global cold war. Based on their different security and interests, India and Pakistan have had complicated and changeable conflicts of interests with big countries. The friendly relations between China, the United States and Pakistan were formed and developed under the mutual influence and interaction of the international situation of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union and the development of regional contradictions in South Asia. It is a comprehensive product of the international cold war and the antagonism between India and Pakistan. The final formation of Sino-American friendly relations in the 1970s greatly changed the power balance in South Asia and stimulated the formation of the India-Soviet alliance. Since then, the strong confrontation between India and the Soviet Union and China, the United States and Pakistan has formed in South Asia, which has had an important impact on the trend of the international situation in South Asia. This paper takes the trilateral relationship between China, the United States and Pakistan during the Cold War period as the research object, taking 1947 and 1971 as the time limit, mainly discusses the development and evolution of the trilateral relationship between China and Pakistan from the bud to the final finalization in this period. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter selects 1947 and 1954 as the time point, which is the origin stage of the trilateral relations between China, the United States and Pakistan, focusing on the analysis of Pakistan's independence and its foreign policy, the India-Pakistan dispute. The initial development of China-Pakistan relations and the beginning of US-Pakistan relations; The second chapter, taking 1954 and 1962 as the time point, is the development stage of the trilateral relations. It discusses the background and process of the establishment of the US-Pakistan alliance and the serious influence of the establishment of the US-Pakistan alliance on the Sino-Pakistani friendly relations. The third chapter chooses 1962 to 1971 as the time period, is for the trilateral relations development, the deepening stage, discussed in this period South Asia big country relations change, as well as the Sino-American friendly relations final finalization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K153

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