【摘要】： 西班牙國(guó)王菲利普二世統(tǒng)治時(shí)期是西班牙帝國(guó)由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰的時(shí)期,也是西歐社會(huì)從伊比利亞時(shí)代向荷蘭、英國(guó)、法國(guó)三國(guó)爭(zhēng)霸時(shí)期轉(zhuǎn)變的歷史階段。眾所周知,探討這一時(shí)期歷史轉(zhuǎn)型的緣由吸引了中外學(xué)者眾多的目力。然而,迄今為止,系統(tǒng)分析菲利普二世的聯(lián)姻外交和當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)際格局的變化之間關(guān)系的論說(shuō)尚不多見(jiàn)。因此,本文試就這一問(wèn)題略抒己見(jiàn)。 16世紀(jì)前后,西班牙帝國(guó)雖然享有西歐霸主的盛譽(yù),但奧斯曼帝國(guó)和瓦盧瓦王朝的東西夾擊、德意志地區(qū)的宗教沖突已經(jīng)使它處于“盛名之下,其實(shí)難副”的窘境。為了延續(xù)帝國(guó)的輝煌,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)“全球王朝”的夢(mèng)想,菲利普二世充分運(yùn)用聯(lián)姻外交,先后和葡萄牙、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、奧地利四個(gè)國(guó)家聯(lián)姻。希望通過(guò)這些聯(lián)姻來(lái)爭(zhēng)取盟友,打擊敵國(guó),最大限度地維護(hù)和擴(kuò)大帝國(guó)的利益。但事與愿違,一次次的聯(lián)姻卻使他和他的帝國(guó)樹(shù)敵太多,最終被接踵而至的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和革命耗盡了國(guó)力,從而被迫讓位于荷蘭、英國(guó)、法國(guó)等新興的民族國(guó)家,淪為西歐二流國(guó)家。 菲利普二世的聯(lián)姻外交表明,借助聯(lián)姻外交來(lái)擴(kuò)張圖強(qiáng)顯然并非屢試不爽的基本國(guó)策。近代早期西班牙帝國(guó)的衰落自然是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果。其中,在民族國(guó)家的興建已是時(shí)代進(jìn)步的大勢(shì)之下,菲利普二世繼續(xù)奉行既定的聯(lián)姻外交策略,無(wú)疑是值得我們深思的一個(gè)重要原因。
[Abstract]:The reign of King Philip II of Spain was the period of the rise and fall of the Spanish Empire, as well as the historical period of Western European society changing from Iberian to Dutch, British and French. As we all know, exploring the causes of the historical transformation of this period attracted a lot of Chinese and foreign scholars. So far, however, it is rare to systematically analyze the relationship between Philip II's marriage diplomacy and the changes in the international situation at that time. Therefore, this paper tries to express its views on this issue. About the 16th century, although the Spanish Empire enjoyed the reputation of Western European hegemony, the Ottoman Empire and the Valois Dynasty fought between the things, and the religious conflict in the German region had made it in a dilemma of "fame and difficulty". In order to continue the glory of the empire and finally realize the dream of "global dynasty", Philip II made full use of marriage diplomacy, successively joined with four countries: Portugal, Britain, France and Austria. Through these marriages, we hope to win allies, attack the enemy, and maximize the interests of the empire. However, the marriage made him too many enemies with his empire and was exhausted by the ensuing wars and revolutions, and forced to give way to the Netherlands, Britain, France and other new nation-states, reduced to the second class of Western Europe. Philip II's marriage diplomacy shows that expanding Tu-Qiang through marriage diplomacy is obviously not a basic state policy. The decline of the Spanish Empire in the early modern times was naturally the result of a combination of factors. Among them, under the general trend that the nation-state construction is the progress of the times, Philip II continues to pursue the established marriage diplomacy strategy, which is undoubtedly an important reason for us to ponder over.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K551

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 呂穎;亨利八世離婚案背景分析[D];中央民族大學(xué);2011年

2 孫海鷹;略論伊麗莎白一世時(shí)期英西關(guān)系的演變[D];遼寧師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2381290