【摘要】：阿斯克勒庇俄斯是盛行于古代希臘羅馬的醫(yī)神。古典時(shí)期,阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的發(fā)展達(dá)到高潮。公元前430年,伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)正酣,雅典突發(fā)大規(guī)模瘟疫,損失慘重。在大瘟疫的影響下,阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜于公元前420/19年從埃皮達(dá)魯斯傳入雅典,之后它迅速覆蓋了泛希臘世界,阿斯克勒庇俄斯也成為希臘盛行的醫(yī)神。本文主要包括引言、正文、結(jié)論及附錄。正文將分為三個(gè)部分論述阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的概況并在雅典大瘟疫的背景下,對(duì)這一崇拜傳入雅典的過(guò)程及原因進(jìn)行探究。第一部分介紹阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的神話源起。荷馬時(shí)代就出現(xiàn)了對(duì)阿斯克勒庇俄斯的記述,當(dāng)時(shí)他的定位僅是一名凡人軍醫(yī)。人們對(duì)他的醫(yī)術(shù)贊不絕口,到了古風(fēng)時(shí)期,阿斯克勒庇俄斯被神化了,成為一名具有治愈功能的醫(yī)神,在此期間創(chuàng)作的神話傳說(shuō)豐滿了他的形象。第二部分介紹阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的儀式,以凈化儀式為中心。在古希臘,阿斯克勒庇俄斯治愈著來(lái)自四面八方的各個(gè)階層的希臘人,他的神廟承擔(dān)著醫(yī)院的職能。阿斯克勒庇俄斯通過(guò)向患病的個(gè)人及失衡的城邦施展凈化儀式,達(dá)到了療救病患、清除污穢、化解危機(jī)、重塑和諧秩序的目的。第三部分介紹阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜傳入雅典的過(guò)程及原因。這次傳入是雅典人面對(duì)伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的大瘟疫作出的積極應(yīng)對(duì),另外這不僅是一次宗教傳播活動(dòng),更是一次外交活動(dòng),阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜作為紐帶維系著雅典與埃皮達(dá)魯斯的城邦關(guān)系。阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜體現(xiàn)了古代希臘人對(duì)健康長(zhǎng)壽、和諧安寧的向往,探究這一宗教現(xiàn)象,有助于我們了解希臘人的凈化觀念及醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。同時(shí),分析阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜傳入雅典的原因也是一次以宗教為切入點(diǎn),結(jié)合時(shí)勢(shì)政治,解釋歷史事件的嘗試。
[Abstract]:Asclepios was the god of medicine prevailing in ancient Greece and Rome. During the classical period, the development of Asclepios worship reached its climax. In 430 BC, the Peloponnesian war was raging, and a massive plague broke out in Athens. Under the influence of the plague, Asclepios worshiped Athens from Epidalus in 420 / 19 BC, and it quickly covered the pan-Greek world, and Asclepios became the prevailing medical god in Greece. This article mainly includes the introduction, the text, the conclusion and the appendix. The text will be divided into three parts to discuss the general situation of Asclepios worship, and under the background of the Athens plague, to explore the process and reasons of the introduction of this worship to Athens. The first part introduces the origin of the mythology worshipped by Asclepios. An account of Asclepios appeared in Homer's time, when he was only a mortal military doctor. In ancient times, Asclepios was deified and became a healing medical god, and the mythology and legends created during this period were full of his image. The second part introduces the worship ceremony of Asclepios, centered on purification ceremony. In ancient Greece, Asclepios healed Greeks from all walks of life and his temple served as a hospital. Asclepios has achieved the purpose of healing the sick, removing filth, defusing crisis and restoring harmonious order by performing purification ceremony to the sick individual and the unbalanced city-state. The third part introduces the process and reason of Asclepios'worship into Athens. The introduction was a positive response by the Athenians to the Great Plague in the Peloponnesian War. In addition, it was not only a religious dissemination, but also a diplomatic activity. The worship of Asclepios serves as a bond between Athens and Epidalus. The worship of Asclepios embodies the ancient Greeks' yearning for health, longevity, harmony and tranquillity. To explore this religious phenomenon is helpful for us to understand the Greek concept of purification and the development of medicine. At the same time, analyzing the reason why Asclepios' worship was introduced to Athens was an attempt to explain historical events by taking religion as a starting point and combining current politics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K125

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本文編號(hào)：2330694