英國與英布戰(zhàn)爭（1899-1902）
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-09 11:51
【摘要】：1899—1902年的英布戰(zhàn)爭是英國人和布爾人為爭奪南非領(lǐng)和資源而進行的一場戰(zhàn)爭。本文試圖從世紀之交英國所處的國內(nèi)外背景入手,分析英國在英布戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前和戰(zhàn)時的外交,并初步探究這次戰(zhàn)爭對英國所產(chǎn)生的影響。 全文共分四章： 第一章從英布戰(zhàn)爭發(fā)生的大背景切入,即英國所處的國內(nèi)外形勢,進而探討英國參戰(zhàn)的原因。英布戰(zhàn)爭發(fā)生于19—20世紀之交,當時英國的實力正處于相對下降、由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰的時候,歐洲已形成兩大勢力對峙的局面。英國的參戰(zhàn)既有戰(zhàn)略上的考慮,又有政治、經(jīng)濟方面的緣由,德國的干涉和南非地區(qū)民族主義的發(fā)展也對戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)起了催化的作用。 第二章主要分析英布雙方的矛盾沖突,以及英國在戰(zhàn)前所面臨的形勢和應(yīng)對措施。英布沖突由來已久,19世紀中后期南非鉆石礦和金礦的發(fā)現(xiàn)使雙方的矛盾尖銳化,1895年詹姆森襲擊事件后英布多年以來的積怨像火山般爆發(fā)出來。此后,雙方認識到戰(zhàn)爭不可避免,并開始備戰(zhàn)。1899年5—6月的布隆方丹會談的失敗使得局勢急劇緊張,戰(zhàn)爭一觸即發(fā)。 第三章闡述了英布戰(zhàn)爭的全面爆發(fā)和戰(zhàn)時的英國外交。英布雙方的矛盾無法調(diào)和,導致了戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)。由于其他國家一直覬覦英國擁有的廣大殖民地,英布戰(zhàn)爭期間各國的外交活動空前活躍,對戰(zhàn)爭的干涉從未間斷。列強利用英國的困境,都或多或少地為自己謀取到了新的利益。蘭斯多恩接替索爾茲伯里任外交大臣后,為了扭轉(zhuǎn)英國所處的軍事和外交困境,逐漸走上了外交結(jié)盟的道路。 第四章主要論述的是英布戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)束及戰(zhàn)爭對英國產(chǎn)生的影響。英國在付出高昂的代價后,終于結(jié)束了戰(zhàn)爭。這次戰(zhàn)爭對日后英國的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。戰(zhàn)爭暴露了英國各方面的弱點,戰(zhàn)后政府著手從殖民地安全、內(nèi)政、帝國防御能力和外交等方面進行了調(diào)整和改革,推動了英國社會的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The 1899-1902 British-Brazilian War was a battle between the British and the Boers for South Africa's leadership and resources. This paper attempts to analyze the British diplomacy before and during the war at the turn of the century from the background at home and abroad at the turn of the century and to explore the influence of the war on Britain. The thesis is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is from the background of the British-Brazilian-British War, that is, the situation at home and abroad, and then discusses the causes of Britain's participation in the war. At the turn of the 19th-20th century, when Britain's power was in relative decline, Europe had become a stand-off between the two powers. Britain's participation in the war had not only strategic considerations, but also political and economic reasons. The German intervention and the development of South African nationalism also played a catalytic role in the outbreak of the war. The second chapter mainly analyzes the conflict between Britain and Brazil, and the situation and countermeasures faced by Britain before the war. The conflict between England and Burundi has a long history. The discovery of diamond mines and gold mines in South Africa in the late 19th century sharpened the conflict between the two sides, and years of resentment erupted like volcanoes after Jameson's attack in 1895. Since then, the two sides realized that war was inevitable and began to prepare for it. The failure of the Bloemfontein talks in May and June 1899 made the situation acute and the war imminent. The third chapter expounds the full-scale outbreak of the British War and British diplomacy during the war. The irreconcilable conflict between the British and Brazilians led to the outbreak of war. Because other countries have been coveting the vast colonies of Britain, diplomatic activities and interference in the war between Britain and Burundi were unprecedented. Taking advantage of Britain's plight, the powers more or less sought new benefits for themselves. After replacing Salisbury as foreign secretary, Lance Dorne gradually embarked on a diplomatic alliance to reverse Britain's military and diplomatic difficulties. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the end of the British War and the impact of the war on Britain. After paying a high price, Britain finally put an end to the war. The war had a great impact on the future development of Britain. The war exposed the weaknesses in all aspects of Britain. The post-war government began to adjust and reform the colonial security, internal affairs, imperial defense and diplomacy, which promoted the development of the British society.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K561
本文編號：2320334
[Abstract]:The 1899-1902 British-Brazilian War was a battle between the British and the Boers for South Africa's leadership and resources. This paper attempts to analyze the British diplomacy before and during the war at the turn of the century from the background at home and abroad at the turn of the century and to explore the influence of the war on Britain. The thesis is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is from the background of the British-Brazilian-British War, that is, the situation at home and abroad, and then discusses the causes of Britain's participation in the war. At the turn of the 19th-20th century, when Britain's power was in relative decline, Europe had become a stand-off between the two powers. Britain's participation in the war had not only strategic considerations, but also political and economic reasons. The German intervention and the development of South African nationalism also played a catalytic role in the outbreak of the war. The second chapter mainly analyzes the conflict between Britain and Brazil, and the situation and countermeasures faced by Britain before the war. The conflict between England and Burundi has a long history. The discovery of diamond mines and gold mines in South Africa in the late 19th century sharpened the conflict between the two sides, and years of resentment erupted like volcanoes after Jameson's attack in 1895. Since then, the two sides realized that war was inevitable and began to prepare for it. The failure of the Bloemfontein talks in May and June 1899 made the situation acute and the war imminent. The third chapter expounds the full-scale outbreak of the British War and British diplomacy during the war. The irreconcilable conflict between the British and Brazilians led to the outbreak of war. Because other countries have been coveting the vast colonies of Britain, diplomatic activities and interference in the war between Britain and Burundi were unprecedented. Taking advantage of Britain's plight, the powers more or less sought new benefits for themselves. After replacing Salisbury as foreign secretary, Lance Dorne gradually embarked on a diplomatic alliance to reverse Britain's military and diplomatic difficulties. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the end of the British War and the impact of the war on Britain. After paying a high price, Britain finally put an end to the war. The war had a great impact on the future development of Britain. The war exposed the weaknesses in all aspects of Britain. The post-war government began to adjust and reform the colonial security, internal affairs, imperial defense and diplomacy, which promoted the development of the British society.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K561
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，本文編號：2320334
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