【摘要】：安東尼·亨利·若米尼是拿破侖時(shí)期的法軍將領(lǐng)，后服務(wù)沙皇俄國，是成功詮釋拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭藝術(shù)的、19世紀(jì)最著名的軍事思想家之一。他是現(xiàn)代軍事戰(zhàn)略的締造者之一，他的思想在一戰(zhàn)之前一直是各國軍校的主要課程。19世紀(jì)中期，大多數(shù)的著名歐洲軍事學(xué)者、以及幾乎所有在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前后接受西點(diǎn)軍校教育的美國將領(lǐng)都深受其影響。他最重要的著作《兵法概論》，是19世紀(jì)最著名、最暢銷的軍事學(xué)著作。 若米尼軍事思想在其青年時(shí)期即初步形成，在瑞士特殊的人文環(huán)境中浸潤，，更深受啟蒙時(shí)代的社會(huì)思潮熏陶。從拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭一直到克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭前夕，若米尼的思想體系通過戰(zhàn)爭實(shí)踐的發(fā)展不斷得到完善，若米尼自己也不斷著書立說，最終在19世紀(jì)50年代完成了《兵法概論》，成功構(gòu)建了現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)略的基石。 若米尼在《兵法概論》中，強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)爭是藝術(shù)而非單純的科學(xué)，但戰(zhàn)略確實(shí)由一些不變的戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)律來引導(dǎo)，以研究戰(zhàn)史為基礎(chǔ)是唯一正確的研究方法；戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)律是辯證的，只有在重視精神因素和發(fā)揮個(gè)人主觀能動(dòng)性的前提下，戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)律才能更好地發(fā)揮作用。若米尼既強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)略對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)果的影響，同時(shí)也重視非戰(zhàn)略因素對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭的影響，并將戰(zhàn)略規(guī)律與自身豐富的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合，率先提出了大戰(zhàn)術(shù)的組織原則。 《兵法概論》是對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)戰(zhàn)爭理論的完美的歸納和概括�！侗ǜ耪摗返能娛吕碚撛�19世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭實(shí)踐中于歐洲和美國表現(xiàn)出了截然不同的結(jié)果。在歐洲，由于長期的相對(duì)和平環(huán)境和戰(zhàn)爭的相對(duì)有限性，《兵法概論》的思想體系沒有受到大的沖擊；而在美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之中，其許多戰(zhàn)略觀點(diǎn)則開始受到新技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)，但這些在一戰(zhàn)以前，并未能動(dòng)搖若米尼在軍事學(xué)的權(quán)威地位。
[Abstract]:Antony Henry Jomini was a French general in Napoleon's time and served the tsar Russia. He was one of the most famous military thinkers in the 19th century and successfully interpreted the art of Napoleon War. He was one of the founders of modern military strategy, and his ideas had been a major course in military academies throughout the world until World War I. in the mid-19th century, most of the famous European military scholars, And almost all American generals educated at West Point before and after the Civil War were deeply influenced. His most important book, introduction to the Art of War, was the most famous and best-selling work on military science in the 19 th century. Rhongni's military thought was initially formed in his youth and infiltrated in the special cultural environment of Switzerland, and was deeply influenced by the social trend of thought in the Enlightenment era. From the Napoleon War to the eve of the Crimean War, the ideological system of Jonny was constantly improved through the development of war practice, and he wrote his own books and finally completed the introduction to the Law of War in the 1850s. Successfully constructed the cornerstone of modern strategy. In an introduction to the Art of War, Ronnie emphasizes that war is an art rather than a simple science, but strategy is indeed guided by some constant laws of war, and the only correct research method is based on the study of the history of war. The law of war is dialectical, and the law of war can play a better role only on the premise of attaching importance to spiritual factors and giving play to individual initiative. Ronnie not only emphasizes the influence of strategy on the result of war, but also pays attention to the influence of non-strategic factors on war, and combines the law of strategy with his rich battlefield experience, and puts forward the organizing principle of big tactics first. The introduction of War Law is a perfect summary of the war theory of that time. The military theory of the War Theory of the 19th century showed a very different result from that of Europe and the United States in the practice of war in the 19th century. In Europe, due to the relatively peaceful environment for a long time and the relatively limited nature of war, the ideological system of "introduction to the Law of War" has not been greatly impacted. During the American Civil War, many of his strategic views began to be challenged by new technologies, but these did not shake Ronnie's authority in military science before the first World War.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：E89-5;K565

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