【摘要】： 本文主要探討的是關(guān)于公元前六世紀(jì)雅典政治變革中宗教因素的具體表現(xiàn)及其對政治的影響。 在古希臘,政教未分,政治與宗教以其獨(dú)特的方式互相融合,互為滲透。因此,要理解公元前六世紀(jì)的雅典政治就必須把握這一特殊的社會文化體系,深入挖掘城邦政治生活中所夾雜的宗教因素的諸多形態(tài)及其社會功用。通過對這些宗教因素的復(fù)原,我們才能更好地理解這一時(shí)期的政治變革和處于這些變革中心的政治家的行為。本文要集中解決的問題有兩個(gè):一、政治家利用的宗教因素有哪些,它的哪些特性使其可以被利用,及如何發(fā)揮作用;二、政治家利用宗教因素作為政治手段的目標(biāo)是什么。本文的結(jié)構(gòu)如下: 導(dǎo)言部分主要介紹了與該主題研究密切相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外研究狀況及本文的研究方法,同時(shí)簡要談到了本文力求解決的一些主要問題。 第一章是對梭倫改革中的宗教因素的分析,展現(xiàn)了從梭倫上臺到改革前的民眾心態(tài)再到其改革成果即法律所受到的宗教因素的影響,據(jù)此本章認(rèn)為梭倫因?qū)Α巴酢钡挠^念、滌罪儀式和節(jié)日儀式傳統(tǒng)等宗教因素的沿襲和利用有力地推動了改革進(jìn)程,暫緩了該時(shí)期城邦的內(nèi)部矛盾。 第二章通過對“庇西特拉圖歸來”這一以政治為目的的儀式化事件的解讀,提出庇氏是借助泛雅典娜節(jié)這一節(jié)日儀式使其重得雅典僭主的行為合法化,從而登上了權(quán)力高峰。此外,該章也展示了神話對希臘人現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的影響。 第三章著重分析宗教因素作為政治手段在現(xiàn)實(shí)利用中所展露出來的矛盾。該章認(rèn)為在“希庇亞斯倒臺”事件中交織著對泛雅典娜節(jié)和德爾斐的虔誠和褻瀆,在克利斯提尼改革措施中,也同時(shí)存在著對宗教利用的原有目的和現(xiàn)實(shí)后果,和政治方案的使用目的之間的矛盾;而這些矛盾一方面說明政治家在宗教態(tài)度上發(fā)生的變化,另一方面也表明他們已把宗教當(dāng)成了一種弄權(quán)的手段。 最后在余論部分,作者進(jìn)一步提出:一、公元前六世紀(jì)雅典的政治家利用宗教因素等各種手段的目的是調(diào)整自己與平民,與貴族的關(guān)系,從而形成有利于政治家實(shí)現(xiàn)政治目標(biāo)的邦內(nèi)形勢:二、宗教因素在提升雅典城的中心地位的過程中具有不可替代的作用。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the manifestation of religious factors in the political transformation of Athens in the sixth century BC and its influence on politics. In ancient Greece, politics and religion mingled and permeated each other in their unique way. Therefore, in order to understand the politics of Athens in the sixth century BC, we must grasp this special social and cultural system, and dig deeply into the various forms and social functions of the religious factors in the political life of the city-states. Through the restoration of these religious factors, we can better understand the political changes of this period and the behavior of the politicians at the center of these changes. There are two problems to be solved in this paper: first, what are the religious factors used by politicians, what are their characteristics so that they can be used, and how to play their role; second, what is the goal of politicians to use religious factors as political means. The structure of this paper is as follows: the introduction mainly introduces the domestic and foreign research situation and the research methods of this paper which are closely related to the research on this subject. At the same time, it briefly discusses some main problems that this paper tries to solve. The first chapter is an analysis of the religious factors in Solon's reform, showing the influence of the popular mentality from Solon's coming to power before the reform to the result of his reform, that is, the religious factors that the law is subjected to. Based on this, the author thinks that Solon's concept of "king". The inheritance and utilization of religious factors, such as the ritual of purging crime and the tradition of festival ceremony, pushed forward the reform process and postponed the internal contradictions of the city-states in that period. In the second chapter, through the interpretation of the ritualized event of "return of Pizithrato", the author points out that Perez legalized his act of regaining the Athenian tyrant by means of the festival ceremony of Pan-Athena 's Day, and thus reached the peak of power. In addition, the chapter also shows the impact of mythology on the real life of the Greeks. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of religious factors as a political means in the actual use of contradictions. The chapter argues that in the event of the fall of Hipias there was a mixture of piety and desecration of Pan-Athena and Delphi, and in the Kristini reform measures, there were at the same time the original purpose and practical consequences of the use of religion. The contradiction between the purpose of the use of the political programme; These contradictions, on the one hand, indicate that politicians have changed their attitude towards religion, and on the other, that they have used religion as a means of exercising power. Finally, in the conclusion, the author puts forward the following: first, the politicians of Athens in the sixth century BC used various means such as religious factors to adjust their relationship with the common people and the nobility. Therefore, the state situation is favorable for politicians to achieve their political goals. Second, religious factors play an irreplaceable role in the process of promoting the central position of Athens City.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K125

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本文編號：2313573