戴高樂與阿爾及利亞獨立
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-19 18:37
【摘要】：戴高樂是法國特殊時代背景下造就的英雄,他順應(yīng)時代而生,在法國和世界歷史上留下頗有特色的一頁。阿爾及利亞戰(zhàn)爭是阿爾及利亞人民為追求獨立自主而進行的反法殖民戰(zhàn)爭。1962年7月3日,戴高樂宣布阿爾及利亞獨立,至此,這場延續(xù)了七年半之久的戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了。 本文選取自戴高樂第二次上臺執(zhí)政開始直至阿爾及利亞取得獨立這段時期(1958年6月-1962年7月),以戴高樂在阿爾及利亞獨立中所起的作用為核心,以戴高樂在阿爾及利亞的政策為線索貫穿始終。分析戴高樂的阿爾及利亞政策如何一步步被動、無奈地退讓,直至允許阿爾及利亞獨立。在文章之中,作者會總結(jié)并分析這些影響戴高樂制定阿爾及利亞政策的因素,并對戴高樂在阿爾及利亞獨立事件中的作用予以評價。 文章分五部分進行論述。第一部分主要論述了阿爾及利亞戰(zhàn)爭的發(fā)展致使法第四共和國崩潰以及戴高樂上臺執(zhí)政的背景。法蘭西第四共和國崩潰之后,阿爾及利亞戰(zhàn)爭更加激烈,法國國內(nèi)也面臨著無政府狀態(tài)的局面。憑借著在二戰(zhàn)中為挽回法國戰(zhàn)勝國地位而獲得“法國救世主”稱號的戴高樂,在法、阿人民的共同擁護下上臺了。第二部分主要介紹戴高樂上臺初期延續(xù)法蘭西第四共和國的對阿政策(“法屬阿爾及利亞”政策)及其失敗結(jié)局。戴這一政策使得本來擁護他的阿爾及利亞民眾開始反對他,致使戰(zhàn)爭繼續(xù)加劇。這不論對于法國還是阿爾及利亞,都是不幸的。第三部分介紹戴高樂在延續(xù)“法屬阿爾及利亞”政策失敗的情況下,轉(zhuǎn)變對阿政策,采取“阿爾及利亞自決”政策,這一政策卻又激起法國國內(nèi)反對阿爾及利亞獨立的極端勢力的強烈反對。經(jīng)過艱苦斗爭,戴高樂鎮(zhèn)壓了國內(nèi)反對勢力,阿爾及利亞獲得了“自決權(quán)”。第四部分闡述戴高樂與阿爾及利亞的和談,以和談的方式解決阿爾及利亞問題,并承認阿爾及利亞的獨立。最后一部分綜合分析影響戴高樂制定阿爾及利亞政策的因素,并對戴高樂在阿爾及利亞獨立事件中的歷史地位加以分析。由此,作者認為戴高樂在阿爾及利亞獨立事件中所起的作用正表明其是順應(yīng)時代發(fā)展潮流的英雄,是法國歷史上的偉人。
[Abstract]:Charles de Gaulle is a hero created under the background of the French special age. He lived in accordance with the times and left a distinctive page in the history of France and the world. The Algerian War was an anti-French colonial war waged by the Algerian people in pursuit of independence. On July 3, 1962, de Gaulle declared Algeria independent, ending a war that lasted for seven and a half years. This article is drawn from the period from the beginning of de Gaulle's second coming into power to Algeria's independence (June 1958 to July 1962), with the role of Charles de Gaulle in Algeria's independence as the core. With de Gaulle's policy in Algeria as a clue throughout. Analyze how de Gaulle's Algerian policy was passively and reluctantly backed down until Algeria's independence was allowed. In the article, the author will summarize and analyze the factors that influence de Gaulle's policy making in Algeria, and evaluate the role of Charles de Gaulle in Algeria's independence. The article is divided into five parts. The first part mainly discusses the development of the Algerian War which led to the collapse of the fourth Republic of France and the background of de Gaulle's coming to power. After the collapse of the fourth Republic of France, the Algerian war intensified, and France faced anarchy. Charles de Gaulle, who won the title of "French savior" in World War II to restore France's victorious position, came to power under the common support of the French people. The second part mainly introduces de Gaulle's continuation of France's fourth Republic's policy towards Afghanistan ("French Algeria" policy) and its failure in the early days of de Gaulle's coming to power. The policy led his supporters to oppose him, exacerbating the war. This is unfortunate for both France and Algeria. The third part introduces de Gaulle's policy of "Algeria's self-determination" after the failure of the continuation of the "French Algeria" policy. This policy, however, provoked strong opposition from extremist forces in France against Algeria's independence. After a hard struggle, de Gaulle suppressed the domestic opposition, and Algeria gained the right to self-determination. The fourth part expounds the peace talks between Charles de Gaulle and Algeria, the settlement of the Algerian problem by peace talks, and the recognition of Algeria's independence. The last part synthetically analyzes the factors that influence de Gaulle to formulate Algerian policy, and analyzes the historical position of de Gaulle in Algeria's independence. Therefore, the author thinks that Charles de Gaulle's role in the independence of Algeria shows that he is a hero following the development of the times and a great man in the history of France.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K565
本文編號：2282013
[Abstract]:Charles de Gaulle is a hero created under the background of the French special age. He lived in accordance with the times and left a distinctive page in the history of France and the world. The Algerian War was an anti-French colonial war waged by the Algerian people in pursuit of independence. On July 3, 1962, de Gaulle declared Algeria independent, ending a war that lasted for seven and a half years. This article is drawn from the period from the beginning of de Gaulle's second coming into power to Algeria's independence (June 1958 to July 1962), with the role of Charles de Gaulle in Algeria's independence as the core. With de Gaulle's policy in Algeria as a clue throughout. Analyze how de Gaulle's Algerian policy was passively and reluctantly backed down until Algeria's independence was allowed. In the article, the author will summarize and analyze the factors that influence de Gaulle's policy making in Algeria, and evaluate the role of Charles de Gaulle in Algeria's independence. The article is divided into five parts. The first part mainly discusses the development of the Algerian War which led to the collapse of the fourth Republic of France and the background of de Gaulle's coming to power. After the collapse of the fourth Republic of France, the Algerian war intensified, and France faced anarchy. Charles de Gaulle, who won the title of "French savior" in World War II to restore France's victorious position, came to power under the common support of the French people. The second part mainly introduces de Gaulle's continuation of France's fourth Republic's policy towards Afghanistan ("French Algeria" policy) and its failure in the early days of de Gaulle's coming to power. The policy led his supporters to oppose him, exacerbating the war. This is unfortunate for both France and Algeria. The third part introduces de Gaulle's policy of "Algeria's self-determination" after the failure of the continuation of the "French Algeria" policy. This policy, however, provoked strong opposition from extremist forces in France against Algeria's independence. After a hard struggle, de Gaulle suppressed the domestic opposition, and Algeria gained the right to self-determination. The fourth part expounds the peace talks between Charles de Gaulle and Algeria, the settlement of the Algerian problem by peace talks, and the recognition of Algeria's independence. The last part synthetically analyzes the factors that influence de Gaulle to formulate Algerian policy, and analyzes the historical position of de Gaulle in Algeria's independence. Therefore, the author thinks that Charles de Gaulle's role in the independence of Algeria shows that he is a hero following the development of the times and a great man in the history of France.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K565
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，本文編號：2282013
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