沖突與合作：一戰(zhàn)期間英美關(guān)系解析（1914—1918年）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 07:22
【摘要】： 英美關(guān)系是國(guó)際關(guān)系史上的重要課題，也是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。英國(guó)和美國(guó)曾經(jīng)是母國(guó)與殖民地的關(guān)系，美國(guó)獨(dú)立后，，英美關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了兩百多年的發(fā)展，形成了當(dāng)今人們所熟悉的“英美特殊關(guān)系”。在英美關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變歷史過(guò)程中，第一次世界大戰(zhàn)具有重要影響。本論文試圖以美國(guó)獨(dú)立后至第一次世界大戰(zhàn)前英美關(guān)系的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)為宏觀背景，將一戰(zhàn)期間英美關(guān)系作為一個(gè)整體進(jìn)行研究，力求展現(xiàn)這一時(shí)期英美關(guān)系的演變特征以及一戰(zhàn)對(duì)英美關(guān)系造成的影響。全文共分為五章： 第一章是對(duì)1783年英國(guó)承認(rèn)美國(guó)獨(dú)立后至第一次世界大戰(zhàn)前英美關(guān)系的回顧。1783年到1814年，是美國(guó)獨(dú)立后到一戰(zhàn)前英美關(guān)系最惡劣的時(shí)期；《根特條約》簽訂后到美西戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)前，兩國(guó)敵對(duì)與友好并存；1898年到1914年，和解是兩國(guó)關(guān)系的主流。 第二章主要論述的是1914年英美海上權(quán)利的沖突。美國(guó)建議交戰(zhàn)國(guó)遵守倫敦宣言，英國(guó)三改倫敦宣言但均未做出實(shí)質(zhì)性讓步，這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論以美國(guó)的妥協(xié)告終。 第三章主要分析的是1915年-1916年英美和平努力中的分歧與合作。1915年豪斯出使歐洲空手而回，1916年簽訂了格雷-豪斯備忘錄，但最終也被擱置，兩次調(diào)停均以失敗告終。 第四章揭示的是1917年-1918年英美共同作戰(zhàn)過(guò)程中的沖突與合作。美國(guó)參戰(zhàn)后，英美兩國(guó)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)協(xié)作出現(xiàn)了很多困難，在和平目標(biāo)上也出現(xiàn)了很多沖突和分歧，兩國(guó)通過(guò)互派使團(tuán)交流和磋商，終于建立了有效的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)合作機(jī)制，通過(guò)協(xié)商和相互妥協(xié)，也終于在停戰(zhàn)條件上取得一致意見(jiàn)。 第五章是本文的結(jié)論部分。一戰(zhàn)期間英美關(guān)系表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的特征是沖突與合作：在沖突下有合作，在合作時(shí)有沖突。一戰(zhàn)也對(duì)英美關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了重要影響，兩國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)地位、海上力量等方面都發(fā)生了變化。 目前，國(guó)內(nèi)史學(xué)界對(duì)于一戰(zhàn)期間的英美關(guān)系，還沒(méi)有細(xì)致的、深入的研究，因此本選題整體地論述一戰(zhàn)期間的英美關(guān)系是比較有意義的。
[Abstract]:Anglo-American relationship is an important subject in the history of international relations, and also a hot issue in modern society. After the independence of the United States, the relationship between the United States and the United States experienced more than two hundred years of development, forming the "special relationship between the United States and the United States", which is now familiar to people. World War I played an important role in the transformation of Anglo-American relations. This thesis attempts to study the Anglo-American relationship as a whole during World War I against the background of the development trend of Anglo-American relations from independence to the first World War. Try to show the evolution of Anglo-American relations during this period and the impact of the first World War on Anglo-American relations. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is a review of the Anglo-American relations between Britain and the United States from 1783 to the first World War. It was the worst period between the United States and the United States before the first World War; after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent and before the war between the United States and Spain, the two countries were hostile and friendly; from 1898 to 1914, reconciliation was the mainstream of the relations between the two countries. The second chapter mainly discusses the conflict of British and American maritime rights in 1914. The United States advised belligerents to abide by the London Declaration, and Britain changed the London Declaration three times without making any substantive concessions, an argument that ended with a compromise in the United States. The third chapter mainly analyzes the differences and cooperation in the British and American peace efforts from 1915 to 1916. House returned to Europe empty-handed in 1915 and signed the Gray-House Memorandum in 1916, but it was finally shelved, and both mediation failed. The fourth chapter reveals the conflict and cooperation in the course of Anglo-American joint operation from 1917 to 1918. After the United States entered the war, there were many difficulties in the cooperation between the United States and the United States in the war, and there were also many conflicts and differences on the goal of peace. Through exchange of missions and consultations, the two countries finally established an effective mechanism for war cooperation. Through negotiation and mutual compromise, agreement was finally reached on armistice terms. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. During World War I, Anglo-American relations were characterized by conflict and cooperation: cooperation in conflict and conflict in cooperation. World War I also had an important impact on Anglo-American relations, both in terms of economic status and maritime power. At present, there is no detailed and in-depth study on the Anglo-American relationship during World War I, so it is meaningful to discuss the Anglo-American relationship during the first World War as a whole.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K143
本文編號(hào)：2275950
[Abstract]:Anglo-American relationship is an important subject in the history of international relations, and also a hot issue in modern society. After the independence of the United States, the relationship between the United States and the United States experienced more than two hundred years of development, forming the "special relationship between the United States and the United States", which is now familiar to people. World War I played an important role in the transformation of Anglo-American relations. This thesis attempts to study the Anglo-American relationship as a whole during World War I against the background of the development trend of Anglo-American relations from independence to the first World War. Try to show the evolution of Anglo-American relations during this period and the impact of the first World War on Anglo-American relations. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is a review of the Anglo-American relations between Britain and the United States from 1783 to the first World War. It was the worst period between the United States and the United States before the first World War; after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent and before the war between the United States and Spain, the two countries were hostile and friendly; from 1898 to 1914, reconciliation was the mainstream of the relations between the two countries. The second chapter mainly discusses the conflict of British and American maritime rights in 1914. The United States advised belligerents to abide by the London Declaration, and Britain changed the London Declaration three times without making any substantive concessions, an argument that ended with a compromise in the United States. The third chapter mainly analyzes the differences and cooperation in the British and American peace efforts from 1915 to 1916. House returned to Europe empty-handed in 1915 and signed the Gray-House Memorandum in 1916, but it was finally shelved, and both mediation failed. The fourth chapter reveals the conflict and cooperation in the course of Anglo-American joint operation from 1917 to 1918. After the United States entered the war, there were many difficulties in the cooperation between the United States and the United States in the war, and there were also many conflicts and differences on the goal of peace. Through exchange of missions and consultations, the two countries finally established an effective mechanism for war cooperation. Through negotiation and mutual compromise, agreement was finally reached on armistice terms. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. During World War I, Anglo-American relations were characterized by conflict and cooperation: cooperation in conflict and conflict in cooperation. World War I also had an important impact on Anglo-American relations, both in terms of economic status and maritime power. At present, there is no detailed and in-depth study on the Anglo-American relationship during World War I, so it is meaningful to discuss the Anglo-American relationship during the first World War as a whole.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K143
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 王貴正;近代美英關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào);1989年02期
2 周鋼;美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的美英關(guān)系[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào);1989年04期
3 鄭雪飛;第一次世界大戰(zhàn)初期的美英倫敦宣言之爭(zhēng)[J];史學(xué)月刊;2001年04期
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