【摘要】： 波多黎各自由聯(lián)邦是美國的一部分,但它既不是美國的一個州,也不是一個獨(dú)立的主權(quán)國家。1917年,波多黎各人被賦予美國公民身份,可以在波多黎各島與美國本土之間自由遷徙。二戰(zhàn)后,便利的航空條件和島內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不景氣掀起波多黎各人移居美國本土的高潮。據(jù)2000年人口統(tǒng)計,美國本土波多黎各人數(shù)達(dá)340萬,與波多黎各島上380萬人口總數(shù)趨于接近。本土波多黎各人是美國西裔群體中人數(shù)僅次于墨西哥人的第二大群體。 本文以戰(zhàn)后進(jìn)入美國本土的波多黎各人為研究主體,從其移居美國本土的簡史入手,內(nèi)容主要涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、文化等領(lǐng)域,探討他們在美國本土的社會調(diào)適和文化認(rèn)同,以增進(jìn)對本土波多黎各人的了解和美國多元文化的認(rèn)知。 全文由前言、正文和結(jié)語三大部分組成。 前言論述了選擇研究美國本土波多黎各人的原因和意義,在對國內(nèi)外美國本土波多黎各人研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行梳理的同時,對相關(guān)概念作簡要說明。 正文共分三章: 第一章介紹波多黎各的歷史演變和波多黎各人移居美國本土的歷程。通過探討波多黎各島內(nèi)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會變化,以及美國對其政策的演變,闡述波多黎各人移居美國本土的原因、規(guī)模、區(qū)域分布及其一般特征。 第二章分析波多黎各人在美國社會進(jìn)行的調(diào)適。從經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、膚色三個角度出發(fā),分析本土波多黎各人遭遇的難題及形成原因,探討他們?yōu)楦纳平?jīng)濟(jì)狀況、提升教育水平、反對種族歧視而付出的巨大努力。為擺脫困境,本土波多黎各人在族裔文化與主流文化之間達(dá)成了較好的平衡。 第三章研究波多黎各人在美國本土的文化認(rèn)同。指出本土波多黎各人形成了一種有別于以往移民的新認(rèn)同模式,即雙重文化認(rèn)同。通過闡述本土波多黎各人雙重文化認(rèn)同模式的形成原因和重要表現(xiàn),論文指出:一方面,本土波多黎各人具有強(qiáng)烈的族裔意識和民族自尊心,保存著對波多黎各文化的積極認(rèn)同;另一方面,他們也很珍惜作為美國公民的權(quán)利,在一定程度上認(rèn)同美國社會的行為規(guī)范與處事原則,希望自己更適應(yīng)這個社會所推崇的價值觀與生存模式,以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速向上流動。這種雙重認(rèn)同的態(tài)勢既使波多黎各文化在美國社會得到傳播,也使本土波多黎各人不斷接納美國主流文化。 結(jié)語在前言和正文的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)美國本土波多黎各人的特殊經(jīng)歷和族裔特點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步指出波多黎各特殊的政治地位和文化背景很大程度上塑造了本土波多黎各人的雙重文化認(rèn)同。
[Abstract]:The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is part of the United States, but it is neither a state of the United States nor an independent sovereign State. In 1917, Puerto Ricans were granted United States citizenship, Freedom of movement between Puerto Rico and the United States. After World War II, convenient aviation conditions and the island's economic downturn triggered a wave of Puerto Ricans emigrating to the United States. According to the 2000 census, the number of Puerto Ricans in the United States reached 3.4 million, close to the total population of 3.8 million on Puerto Rico. Native Puerto Ricans are the second largest Hispanic group in the United States after Mexicans. Taking Puerto Ricans who entered the United States after the war as the main body of study, starting with the brief history of their emigration to the United States, this paper mainly deals with the fields of economy, education, culture and so on, and probes into their social adjustment and cultural identity in the United States. To promote understanding of native Puerto Ricans and the multicultural understanding of the United States. The full text consists of three parts: preface, text and conclusion. The preface discusses the reasons and significance of choosing to study the native Puerto Ricans of the United States. While combing the present situation of the study of the native Puerto Ricans in the United States at home and abroad, it also briefly explains the relevant concepts. The text is divided into three chapters: the first chapter introduces the historical evolution of Puerto Rico and the migration of Puerto Ricans to the United States. By discussing the political, economic and social changes in Puerto Rico and the evolution of the United States policy towards it, this paper expounds the reasons, scale, regional distribution and general characteristics of Puerto Ricans' emigration to the United States. The second chapter analyzes the adjustment of Puerto Ricans in American society. From the angles of economy, education and skin color, this paper analyzes the problems encountered by native Puerto Ricans and their causes, and probes into their great efforts to improve their economic situation, raise their education level, and oppose racial discrimination. To get out of this predicament, native Puerto Ricans struck a better balance between ethnic culture and mainstream culture. The third chapter studies Puerto Ricans' cultural identity in the United States. It is pointed out that the native Puerto Ricans have formed a new identity model different from previous immigrants, that is, double cultural identity. The paper points out that, on the one hand, the native Puerto Ricans have a strong sense of ethnicity and national pride. Preserving a positive identity with Puerto Rican culture; on the other hand, they also cherish the right to be citizens of the United States and, to a certain extent, identify with the norms of conduct and principles of American society, I hope I can adapt to the values and modes of life in this society, so as to realize the rapid upward flow. This dual identity not only makes Puerto Rican culture spread in American society, but also makes native Puerto Ricans accept American mainstream culture. The conclusion summarizes the special experience and ethnic characteristics of Puerto Ricans in the United States on the basis of the preface and text. It is further pointed out that the special political status and cultural background of Puerto Rico to a great extent shape the dual cultural identity of native Puerto Ricans.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K712

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本文編號：2232095