【摘要】： 1904年的英法協(xié)約是近代英法關(guān)系的一個重要轉(zhuǎn)折點，它開啟了英法關(guān)系的新時代，對歐洲和世界都產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。本文力求在歷史唯物主義的指導(dǎo)下，對1904年的英法協(xié)約進(jìn)行深入的研究和探討。 全文共分為三章： 第一章主要論述了英法協(xié)約形成的背景、原因�；厮輾v史，從英法百年恩仇，到英法百年爭霸，再到持續(xù)的英法海外爭奪，英法兩國一直處于敵對和競爭的狀態(tài)中。然而，19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初，法國逐漸地感到只有取得英國的支持，才能進(jìn)一步在海外進(jìn)行殖民擴(kuò)張，英國也漸漸認(rèn)識到可以先與法國達(dá)成諒解，進(jìn)而再把英法諒解作為英俄諒解的階石，從而解除長期以來俄國對英屬印度的威脅。英法兩國外交政策的轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橛⒎▍f(xié)約的形成提供了可能。 第二章主要闡述了英法協(xié)約談判的具體過程。1903年7月，英法兩國外長的愉快談話成為英法協(xié)約談判的開始，然而接下來，英法之間的談判是艱難的、漫長的。談判的焦點主要集中在三個問題上：摩洛哥、埃及和紐芬蘭的捕魚權(quán)，英法兩國在這三個問題上矛盾重重、斗爭激烈，談判一波三折，英國外交大臣蘭斯多恩甚至以中止談判威脅法國。英國的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度最終迫使法國作出讓步，英法談判于1904年4月8日取得成功，英法協(xié)約得以形成。 第三章主要分析了英法協(xié)約對英法等歐洲大國關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的重大影響。英法協(xié)約形成之后，德國于1905、1911年制造了兩次摩洛哥危機(jī)，試圖借摩洛哥問題削弱英法關(guān)系。結(jié)果，英法關(guān)系不但沒有被削弱，反而逐漸地向軍事同盟關(guān)系靠近，英法協(xié)約也逐漸成為英國外交政策的核心，成為英國限制德國、改善英俄關(guān)系、保持歐洲和平的重要手段。英法協(xié)約對英國來說意義重大，當(dāng)1914年的薩拉熱窩事件引發(fā)了又一次戰(zhàn)爭危機(jī)，歐洲的和平即將逝去的時候，英國為了保持英法協(xié)約，，以避免戰(zhàn)后陷入孤立，宣布對德作戰(zhàn)，加入到第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之中。
[Abstract]:The Anglo-French Treaty of 1904 was an important turning point in modern Anglo-French relations. It opened a new era of Anglo-French relations and had a great impact on Europe and the world. Under the guidance of historical materialism, this paper makes an in-depth study and discussion on the British and French treaties of 1904. The thesis is divided into three chapters: the first chapter mainly discusses the background and reasons of the formation of the treaty. Looking back on history, Britain and France have been in a state of hostility and competition from a hundred years of grudges to a hundred years of hegemony between Britain and France, and to the continued struggle between Britain and France overseas. However, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, France gradually felt that only with the support of Britain could it further colonize and expand abroad, and Britain gradually realized that it was possible to reach an understanding with France first. Then, the British-French understanding was regarded as the stepping stone of the British-Russian understanding, thus relieving the Russian threat to British India for a long time. The transformation of the foreign policy of Britain and France provides the possibility for the formation of the treaty between Britain and France. The second chapter mainly expounds the concrete process of the treaty negotiation between Britain and France. In July 1903, the pleasant talks between the British and French foreign ministers became the beginning of the treaty negotiations. However, the negotiations between Britain and France were difficult and long. The main focus of the negotiations was on three issues: the fishing rights of Morocco, Egypt and Newfoundland. The British and French countries were full of contradictions and fierce struggles on these three issues, and the negotiations were full of twists and turns. British Foreign Secretary Lance Dorne even threatened France by suspending negotiations. Britain's tough attitude eventually forced France to make concessions, and the Anglo-French treaty was formed on April 8, 1904. The third chapter mainly analyzes the great influence of the treaty between Britain and France on the relations between Britain and France. After the formation of the Anglo-French Treaty, Germany created two Moroccan crises in 1905 and 1911 in an attempt to weaken Anglo-French relations on the basis of Morocco. As a result, the relationship between Britain and France was not weakened, but gradually moved closer to the military alliance. The treaty between Britain and France gradually became the core of British foreign policy, and became an important means for Britain to restrict Germany, improve the relationship between Britain and Russia, and maintain peace in Europe. The British-French Compact is of great significance to Britain. When the Sarajevo incident in 1914 triggered another war crisis and the peace in Europe was about to die, Britain declared war against Germany in order to maintain the Anglo-French Compact in order to avoid being isolated after the war. Join the first World War.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K504

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