羅馬與大希臘：公元前350-200年間的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 20:53
【摘要】：公元前350—200年,羅馬在征服南部意大利的過(guò)程中,和大希臘城邦產(chǎn)生了密切的聯(lián)系。從兩者波瀾不驚地接觸,到公元前200年前后羅馬對(duì)大希臘城邦暴風(fēng)驟雨般地重新征服,期間經(jīng)歷了第二次薩姆尼泰戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、皮洛士戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和第二次布匿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),這三次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)羅馬和大希臘的關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。本文也將從這三次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)入手,來(lái)探討羅馬和大希臘關(guān)系的變化,并分析影響兩者關(guān)系的因素。 公元前350年之前,兩者之間的交往很少：一方面,羅馬此時(shí)自身面臨著巨大的生存壓力,無(wú)暇顧及南部意大利的事務(wù),他在當(dāng)時(shí)還有更重要的問(wèn)題要處理。另一方面,對(duì)大希臘而言,羅馬與其之間的利益聯(lián)系并不緊密,同時(shí),大希臘城邦本身也面臨著內(nèi)外紛爭(zhēng),無(wú)力去主動(dòng)與羅馬建立利益的切合點(diǎn)。 第二次薩姆尼泰戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間,羅馬通過(guò)拿波里正式介入大希臘事務(wù)。此時(shí),因?yàn)榱_馬打擊的對(duì)象是薩姆尼泰人,因此對(duì)拿波里、塔林頓這些重要的大希臘城邦采取一種較為寬松的政策。而大希臘城邦此時(shí)的利益也還沒(méi)受到實(shí)質(zhì)性的損害,又加上本身力量衰弱,因而沒(méi)有與羅馬產(chǎn)生過(guò)多的摩擦。 但是,面對(duì)羅馬不斷干涉大希臘內(nèi)部的事務(wù),作為大希臘霸主的塔林頓終于忍無(wú)可忍,于是請(qǐng)皮洛士來(lái)對(duì)抗羅馬。在這次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,大希臘各個(gè)城邦都想利用其中一方的力量來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的利益,因此對(duì)羅馬的態(tài)度搖擺不定,而這也決定了大希臘城邦不可能形成一個(gè)對(duì)羅馬的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)政策。 第二次布匿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后期,羅馬和迦太基都將策略重點(diǎn)放在了爭(zhēng)取大希臘城邦的支持上。本章節(jié)筆者通過(guò)敘述大希臘城邦忠誠(chéng)和叛離羅馬的史實(shí),來(lái)分析影響羅馬和大希臘關(guān)系的各種因素。最后羅馬重新征服大希臘地區(qū),為兩者在這一時(shí)期的關(guān)系畫上了一個(gè)圓滿的句號(hào)。 通過(guò)前面的分析,最后筆者從大希臘城邦的內(nèi)外紛爭(zhēng)、羅馬利益的不斷延伸和地區(qū)局勢(shì)這三個(gè)方面來(lái)總結(jié)影響羅馬和大希臘關(guān)系變化的原因：大希臘城邦的內(nèi)外紛爭(zhēng)是客觀條件,羅馬利益的不斷延伸是主觀動(dòng)機(jī),而地區(qū)局勢(shì)則成了促成這種關(guān)系變化的催化劑。
[Abstract]:From 350 to 200 B.C . , Rome had a close connection between the conquest of the southern Italy and the Great Greek city . From both sides of the war , Rome had a far - reaching impact on the relations between Rome and the Great Greece . It also began with the three wars to probe into the changes in relations between Rome and Greece , and to analyze the factors that affect the relationship between them .
Before 350 B.C . , there was little communication between the two : on the one hand , Rome , at this time , faced enormous pressure of survival , taking into account the affairs of southern Italy , where he had more important issues to deal with . On the other hand , in the case of large Greece , the relationship between Rome and its interests was not tight , while the big Greek city itself faced internal and external strife and was unable to take the initiative to establish a point of interest with Rome .
During the Second Sam Nitai War , Rome was formally involved in the Great Greek affair by taking the wave . At this time , the subject of Rome ' s attack was Sam Niteman , and thus a more liberal policy was adopted against the important Greek city states , which were the important big Greek city states , and the big Greek city states had not suffered substantial damage at this time , coupled with the weakness of its own strength , and therefore did not have excessive friction with Rome .
But in the face of Rome ' s constant interference in the internal affairs of Greece , Tarrington , who was the big Greek overlord , was at last unable to bear , and then asked Mr . Piloch to fight Rome . In this war , all the big Greek cities want to use one of the forces to achieve their own interests , and thus to the Roman attitude , which also determines the impossibility of forming a long - term policy against Rome .
in that late stage of the war , both Rome and the age of age focused their strategy on the support of the great Greek polis .
Through the previous analysis , the author summarizes the reasons for the change of relations between Rome and Great Greece from three aspects : the internal and external strife of the Great Greek city , the extension of Roman interests and the situation in the region : the internal and external disputes of the Great Greek city state are objective conditions , and the continuous extension of the Roman benefit is the subjective motive , and the regional situation becomes the catalyst to bring about the change of the relationship .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K126
本文編號(hào)：2127639
[Abstract]:From 350 to 200 B.C . , Rome had a close connection between the conquest of the southern Italy and the Great Greek city . From both sides of the war , Rome had a far - reaching impact on the relations between Rome and the Great Greece . It also began with the three wars to probe into the changes in relations between Rome and Greece , and to analyze the factors that affect the relationship between them .
Before 350 B.C . , there was little communication between the two : on the one hand , Rome , at this time , faced enormous pressure of survival , taking into account the affairs of southern Italy , where he had more important issues to deal with . On the other hand , in the case of large Greece , the relationship between Rome and its interests was not tight , while the big Greek city itself faced internal and external strife and was unable to take the initiative to establish a point of interest with Rome .
During the Second Sam Nitai War , Rome was formally involved in the Great Greek affair by taking the wave . At this time , the subject of Rome ' s attack was Sam Niteman , and thus a more liberal policy was adopted against the important Greek city states , which were the important big Greek city states , and the big Greek city states had not suffered substantial damage at this time , coupled with the weakness of its own strength , and therefore did not have excessive friction with Rome .
But in the face of Rome ' s constant interference in the internal affairs of Greece , Tarrington , who was the big Greek overlord , was at last unable to bear , and then asked Mr . Piloch to fight Rome . In this war , all the big Greek cities want to use one of the forces to achieve their own interests , and thus to the Roman attitude , which also determines the impossibility of forming a long - term policy against Rome .
in that late stage of the war , both Rome and the age of age focused their strategy on the support of the great Greek polis .
Through the previous analysis , the author summarizes the reasons for the change of relations between Rome and Great Greece from three aspects : the internal and external strife of the Great Greek city , the extension of Roman interests and the situation in the region : the internal and external disputes of the Great Greek city state are objective conditions , and the continuous extension of the Roman benefit is the subjective motive , and the regional situation becomes the catalyst to bring about the change of the relationship .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K126
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