本文選題：武士道論 + 忠義��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 關(guān)于如何定義日本的武士道,這恐怕不單單是學(xué)術(shù)上所引人關(guān)注的研究課題。何為武士道,以一般理論闡述,就是在日本幕府時(shí)代,武士必須遵守的封建道德。從明治時(shí)代一直到第二次世界大戰(zhàn),所謂的“明治武士道論”雛形,在進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì)后開始基本自成一體。它在鼓吹“富國(guó)強(qiáng)兵”、“攘夷論”、“忠君愛國(guó)”的輿論中產(chǎn)生,重新注釋了“武士道論”。 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,同本迎來(lái)了民主化時(shí)代,武士道論發(fā)生了巨大轉(zhuǎn)換。支撐日本“國(guó)體”的戰(zhàn)前武士道論日漸式微。據(jù)此,學(xué)術(shù)界開始關(guān)心如何把日本古有的武士道思想作為一般行為準(zhǔn)則、道德體系導(dǎo)入日常生活中。 包括日本在內(nèi),全世界都對(duì)這一日本自古存在,被視為儒教思想的道德倫理理論產(chǎn)生了巨大的誤解和迥然不同的認(rèn)識(shí)。 我們至今為止所理解的武士道思想,與日本固有的武士道思想有本質(zhì)的區(qū)別�？梢岳斫鉃�,這是一種以異化成武士道、斷章取義的儒教思想為核心內(nèi)容的道德體系。概而言之,原有的武士道論可以理解為,無(wú)論是西方社會(huì)還是中國(guó)社會(huì)的一種接近于人類應(yīng)該基本遵守的行為準(zhǔn)則、道德準(zhǔn)則倫理體系。 “武士道”應(yīng)于各時(shí)代的狀況而千變?nèi)f化。反朝廷和尊重朝廷、反儒教和尊重儒教、反西洋和尊重西洋文化、反道德和崇尚道德,其背道而馳的核心內(nèi)容,共存一體,讓人甚感異樣難解。為此,若由“武士道”來(lái)理解日本人的“國(guó)民性”,“武士道”根據(jù)時(shí)代的變化,特別是與外來(lái)文化的對(duì)應(yīng)中,始終不斷改變著他們的思維方式,這只能說(shuō)是象征了日本人自我性,瞬息萬(wàn)變的另一面。 武士道論作為一種實(shí)在的社會(huì)科學(xué)研究對(duì)象,我們有必要從歷史上追尋并認(rèn)識(shí)原來(lái)的武士道的歷史變化、核心內(nèi)容的變遷、以及作為日本道德體系、價(jià)值觀念精神支柱的武士道思想。 武士道的核心內(nèi)容是忠義二字,在本稿中,筆者以分析忠義這一觀念為基礎(chǔ),在概括提示武士道新的歷史形象的基礎(chǔ)上,考察與此伴隨的社會(huì)人際關(guān)系、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、以及道德觀念,與我們以往所理解的武士道的歷史變化和差異。
[Abstract]:The definition of Bushido in Japan is not just a matter of academic interest. What is Bushido, in general theory, is in the Japanese shogunate era, samurai must abide by feudal morality. From the Meiji era to the second World War, the so-called "Meiji Bushido theory" rudimentary, after entering the 20th century, the basic self-made. It came into being in the public opinion of "rich country and strong army", "hustle Yi theory", "loyal monarch patriotic", and reannotated "Bushido theory". After the second World War, Tongben ushered in the era of democratization, Bushido theory has undergone a huge transformation. The theory of Bushido, which supported Japan's "state system", declined day by day. Therefore, the academic circles began to care about how to take the ancient Japanese Bushido thought as the general code of conduct and the moral system into the daily life. The world, including Japan, has had a great misunderstanding and different understanding of the moral and ethical theory, which is regarded as Confucianism since ancient times. The Bushido thought, which we have understood so far, is fundamentally different from that inherent in Japan. It can be understood as a kind of moral system with the core content of the dissimilation into Bushido and the Confucianism thought which is taken out of context. Generally speaking, the original Bushido theory can be understood as a code of conduct and ethical system which should be observed by human beings in both western society and Chinese society. Bushido should be changed in various times. Anti-court and respect for court, anti-Confucianism and respect for Confucianism, anti-Western and respect Western culture, anti-morality and advocating morality, its core content, coexistence, let people feel strange and difficult to understand. Therefore, if "Bushido" is used to understand the "national character" of the Japanese, "Bushido" is constantly changing their way of thinking according to the changes of the times, especially the correspondence with foreign cultures. This can only be said to symbolize the Japanese self-nature, the other side of rapid change. As a real object of social science research, it is necessary for us to pursue and understand the historical changes of the original Bushido, the change of the core content, and the Japanese moral system. The Bushido thought of the spiritual pillar of values. The core content of Bushido is the word "loyalty and righteousness". In this draft, the author, based on the analysis of the concept of loyalty and on the basis of summarizing the new historical image of Bushido, examines the social interpersonal relationship and organizational structure accompanying with it. And moral concepts, and we have previously understood the historical changes and differences of Bushido.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K313

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