本文選題：地方主義 + 美國革命��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：地方主義在美國革命時期一直扮演著一個不光彩的角色，建國一代政治精英和后世學(xué)者對它的危害性多有論述。然而，地方主義在美國立國進(jìn)程中并非全是負(fù)面效應(yīng)，也有維護(hù)國家利益的一面，否則就無法解釋在充滿缺陷的邦聯(lián)制下，弱勢的邦聯(lián)政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美國贏得獨立戰(zhàn)爭的勝利這一歷史事實。地方主義對于單個共同體而言無疑是正面的，當(dāng)其走向外部，參與到國家構(gòu)建中時，由于缺乏合理的政體設(shè)計，其消極作用就被無限放大。對此，本文利用革命時期的大量的原始文獻(xiàn)、學(xué)者的相關(guān)著述，運用歷史學(xué)的研究視角，，綜合其它學(xué)科的研究方法，對地方主義在美國立國進(jìn)程中的作用做一歷史考察。 全文由引言、四章正文和結(jié)語三部分組成。引言部分介紹了選題緣由，地方主義的定義、研究意義、創(chuàng)新與不足，同時對中外學(xué)者的相關(guān)研究做了一個概要的評述； 第一章回顧了北美地方主義的英國起源，著重探討了地方主義在北美殖民地的孕育與發(fā)展，分析了地方主義對各殖民地之間關(guān)系的影響； 第二章考察了革命初期省區(qū)大會對革命進(jìn)程的影響，研究了各邦國的憲法觀、立憲權(quán)力的辯論、立憲方式及共和政體的確立，并分析了各邦憲法對公民權(quán)利的保障及所出現(xiàn)的議會結(jié)構(gòu)的變化； 第三章考察了邦聯(lián)體制的確立過程，分析了地方主義對邦聯(lián)國會與各邦解決西部土地問題的影響，探討了戰(zhàn)爭時期各邦對大陸軍的貢獻(xiàn)、存在的問題及尋求增加邦聯(lián)權(quán)力的努力； 第四章分析了戰(zhàn)爭時期的財政及戰(zhàn)后的債務(wù)狀況，考察了地方主義在邦聯(lián)國會尋求征稅權(quán)和管理對外貿(mào)易權(quán)力失敗的影響，闡述了制憲會議中地方主義對國會代表權(quán)和關(guān)于黑人的五分之三條款問題的辯論的影響，并通過對聯(lián)邦政府與州政府權(quán)力重新界定的研究，分析了聯(lián)邦制下地方主義與國家利益的融合； 結(jié)語部分對地方主義在美國的立國進(jìn)程的作用進(jìn)行簡要總結(jié)，分析了地方主義形成的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會基礎(chǔ)，探討了地方主義的雙重作用與邦聯(lián)制、聯(lián)邦制的關(guān)系，并考察了地域主義與內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Regionalism has always played a disgraceful role during the American Revolution, and the political elite of the founding generation and scholars of later generations have discussed its harmfulness. However, regionalism is not entirely a negative effect in the process of American statehood, and it also has a side to safeguard the national interests, otherwise it cannot be explained under the flawed Confederacy system. The historical fact that the weak Confederate government led the United States to victory in the War of Independence. Localism is undoubtedly positive for a single community. When it goes outside and participates in the construction of a country, its negative role is magnified indefinitely because of the lack of reasonable political system design. In view of this, this paper makes a historical study of the role of localism in the process of the founding of the United States by using a large number of original literature during the revolutionary period, relevant works of scholars, and the perspective of history, and synthesizing the research methods of other disciplines. The full text consists of three parts: introduction, four chapters text and conclusion. The introduction introduces the reason of choosing the topic, the definition of localism, the significance of the research, innovation and deficiency, and makes a brief comment on the related research of Chinese and foreign scholars. Chapter one reviews the British origin of North American localism. This paper focuses on the gestation and development of localism in the colonies of North America, and analyzes the influence of localism on the relations among the colonies. Chapter two examines the influence of the provincial and district congresses on the process of revolution in the early revolutionary period. This paper studies the constitutional concept of the states, the debate of the constitutional power, the way of constitutionalism and the establishment of the Republican polity, and analyzes the protection of the civil rights and the changes of the parliamentary structure in the constitutions of the states. The third chapter examines the process of establishing the confederation system, analyzes the influence of localism on the Confederate Congress and states to solve the land problem in the west, and probes into the contributions of the states to the mainland army during the war. Chapter four analyzes the fiscal and post-war debt situation during the war, examines the influence of localism on the failure of the Confederate Congress to seek tax power and manage foreign trade power. Elaborated on the influence of regionalism in the Constituent Assembly on the debate on congressional representation and on the issue of section 3/5 on blacks, and adopted a study of the redefinition of the powers of the federal and state governments, It analyzes the fusion of localism and national interests under the federal system, the conclusion part briefly summarizes the role of localism in the process of statehood in the United States, and analyzes the political, economic and social basis of the formation of localism. This paper probes into the relationship between the dual function of localism and confederation and federalism, and the internal logical relationship between regionalism and civil war.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K712

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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本文編號：2097115