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  本文選題：現(xiàn)代英國 + 丘吉爾�。� 參考：《河南大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 英國前首相溫斯頓·丘吉爾(1874——1965年)是反對蘇式共產(chǎn)主義的急先鋒。關(guān)于其反蘇思想,國內(nèi)學界長期沿襲前蘇聯(lián)的理論和觀點,簡單地歸為資產(chǎn)階級的意識形態(tài),缺乏進一步地挖掘。而筆者認為,從長期的歷史發(fā)展來看,丘吉爾反蘇的思想認識,在不排除階級立場的前提下,很大程度上體現(xiàn)了英蘇兩民族迥異的民族傳統(tǒng)、民族特性的差異。本文即是依據(jù)這一思路,對丘吉爾的反蘇思想及根源進行了新的探析。除引言和結(jié)語外,本文分為三個部分: 第一部分從丘吉爾反蘇的政策思想層面進行探討。丘吉爾一生出現(xiàn)過兩次反蘇反共的高潮,都是在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)剛結(jié)束時。本部分即從一戰(zhàn)時的干涉政策以及遏蘇思想的演變這兩方面展開具體論析。丘吉爾把干涉分為兩個階段,前期他強調(diào)戰(zhàn)爭的需要,后期又強調(diào)道義因素,他自己的作為則是職責所系。而他的遏蘇思想在干涉時已初露端倪,當時表現(xiàn)為防疫線思想、英法德和英美日合作思想、經(jīng)濟滲透思想等,經(jīng)過暫時調(diào)整,二戰(zhàn)后迅速恢復,最終促成了“冷戰(zhàn)”。 第二部分從意識形態(tài)方面來考察�！坝庾R”是丘吉爾反蘇的思想根源,其主要由三點構(gòu)成:根深蒂固的保守主義思想,自由民主的理念以及對和平變革道路的贊賞。除對“英國意識”的構(gòu)成作具體探析外,還對其形成和淵源進行探討。家庭與時代環(huán)境的塑造,加之丘吉爾不懈地刻苦攻讀及廣泛的社會實踐,逐漸形成了丘吉爾的“英國意識”。這一思想意識主要是對英國傳統(tǒng)思想的繼承。 事實上,丘吉爾與布爾什維克的思想意識、行為方式,都不能擺脫各自民族傳統(tǒng)、民族特性的窠臼。布爾什維克宣揚的暴力革命、武裝起義以及新的專政理論無疑適應俄國的國情,符合俄國的傳統(tǒng)及民族性,不過,這些卻是丘吉爾不可能認同的。同時,丘吉爾作為一名特殊的觀察者,他的對蘇認識正好反映了十月革命后布爾什維克政權(quán)日益?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)化的過程,也體現(xiàn)了英俄兩民族民族特性、民族傳統(tǒng)的差異。這即為第三部分要考察的內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1874-1965) was a vanguard against Soviet communism. About its anti-Soviet thought, the domestic academic circles have followed the theory and view of the former Soviet Union for a long time, which is simply classified as bourgeois ideology, and lacks further excavation. The author believes that from the long-term historical development, Churchill's anti-Soviet ideological understanding, on the premise of not excluding the class position, to a great extent reflects the differences of the national traditions and national characteristics of the two nationalities. According to this idea, this paper makes a new analysis of Churchill's anti-Soviet thought and its roots. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three parts: the first part discusses Churchill's anti-Soviet policy. Churchill had two anti-Soviet and anti-Communist climaxes in his life, both at the end of two world wars. This part is from the intervention policy during World War I and the evolution of Soviet thought. Churchill divided intervention into two stages, emphasizing the need for war in the early stage, the moral element in the later, and his duty in his own actions. However, his thought of suppressing the Soviet Union had begun to emerge when he intervened. At that time, his thoughts on epidemic prevention lines, the cooperation between Britain, France, Germany and Britain, Britain, America and Japan, and the thought of economic infiltration, were temporarily adjusted, and recovered rapidly after World War II, which eventually contributed to the "Cold War." The second part examines from the aspect of ideology. British consciousness is the root of Churchill's anti-Soviet ideology, which consists of three main elements: deep-rooted conservatism, liberal democracy and appreciation of the path of peaceful change. Besides the concrete analysis of the constitution of British consciousness, the formation and origin of British consciousness are also discussed. The shaping of family and time environment, and Churchill's unremitting study and extensive social practice, gradually formed Churchill's "British consciousness". This ideological consciousness is mainly the inheritance of the British traditional thought. In fact, Churchill and Bolshevik's ideology and behavior can not get rid of their national traditions and characteristics. The violent revolution, armed insurrection and the new dictatorship theory advocated by the Bolsheviks were undoubtedly adapted to the conditions of Russia, in accordance with Russian tradition and nationality, but Churchill could not agree with them. At the same time, Churchill as a special observer, his understanding of the Soviet Union just reflected the Bolshevik regime after the October Revolution increasingly traditional process, but also reflected the characteristics of Britain and Russia, the differences of national traditions. This is the third part to examine the content.
【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K561.5

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本文編號：2047434