發(fā)布時間：2018-06-17 10:50

  本文選題：維希政府 + 猶太人　； 參考：《華南師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，歐洲的猶太人遭到了殘酷的迫害，近六百萬猶太人死于這場滅絕人性的種族大屠殺。國內(nèi)學(xué)者對大屠殺的研究主要集中于德國對猶太人的迫害和屠殺，較少關(guān)注維希政府對猶太人的迫害。法國是世界上第一個以法律形式解放猶太人的國家，何以維希政府會對猶太人進行迫害呢?本文在論述了維希政府如何對猶太人進行迫害的同時，又從歷史和現(xiàn)實兩個方面探討了維希政府迫害猶太人的原因。 維希政府的當(dāng)權(quán)使政府成為反猶運動的主導(dǎo)。維希政府對猶太人的迫害分前后兩個時期，前期主要是從公共領(lǐng)域清除猶太人對法國社會的影響；后期針對猶太人的迫害升級，維希政府不僅大規(guī)模地圍捕猶太人，并且把猶太人送至奧斯維辛。 法國歷來存在反猶傳統(tǒng)。舊制度時期，法國就多次出現(xiàn)以宗教迫害為主要形式的反猶運動。大革命之后，猶太人雖然被賦予平等的公民權(quán)，但仍然沒有擺脫受歧視的地位。第三共和國末期，沉寂多年的反猶思潮在法國悄然興起，德雷福斯事件使這一時期的反猶運動達(dá)到高潮。 維希政府對猶太人進行迫害更多的是考慮現(xiàn)實因素。為了制造民選政府的假象，維希政府希望得到民眾的支持。飽受戰(zhàn)敗之苦的法國民眾把戰(zhàn)爭、戰(zhàn)敗的原因都推到猶太人身上，支持政府前期的反猶政策。維希政府為了從德國手中獲得更多的主權(quán)，積極主動地推行反猶政策。 總之，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，歐洲的許多國家都參與了對猶太人的迫害，暴露了西方民主及人道主義的虛偽性。通過剖析維希政府對猶太人的迫害，一方面再現(xiàn)歷史、認(rèn)清維希政府的真實面目，，一方面警醒世人、避免悲劇重演。
[Abstract]:During World War II, Jews in Europe were brutally persecuted, and nearly 6 million Jews died in the inhuman genocide. The study of Holocaust mainly focuses on the persecution and massacre of Jews in Germany, and less on the persecution of Jews by Vichy government. France was the first country in the world to liberate Jews by law. Why would the Vichy government persecute the Jews? This paper discusses how the Vichy government persecuts Jews, and probes into the causes of the persecution of Jews by Vichy government from two aspects of history and reality. The Vichy government made it the dominant anti-Semitic movement. The persecution of Jews by Vichy government was divided into two periods, in which the influence of Jews on French society was cleared from the public domain in the early stage, and the persecution against Jews escalated in the later period, and the Vichy government not only rounded up Jews on a large scale. And sent the Jews to Auschwitz. There has always been an anti-Semitic tradition in France. During the period of the old system, the anti-Semitic movement, mainly in the form of religious persecution, appeared many times in France. After the Revolution, Jews were granted equal citizenship, but still remained discriminated against. At the end of the third Republic, the anti-Semitic trend which had been silent for many years rose quietly in France, and the Dreyfus event brought the anti-Semitic movement to its climax. The persecution of Jews by the Vichy government is more realistic. To create the illusion of an elected government, the Vichy government wants popular support. The defeated French blamed the war on Jews and supported the government's earlier anti-Semitic policies. In order to gain more sovereignty from Germany, Vichy government proactively pursued anti-Semitism policy. In short, during World War II, many countries in Europe were involved in the persecution of Jews, exposing the hypocrisy of Western democracy and humanitarianism. Through the analysis of the persecution of Jews by the Vichy government, on the one hand, the history is reappeared, the true face of the Vichy government is recognized, on the other hand, the world is alerted and the tragedy is avoided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K565.46

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本文編號：2030775