本文選題：十八世紀(jì) + 茶��； 參考：《首都師范大學(xué)》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 文明之間的交流向來是推動(dòng)歷史發(fā)展的重要力量。本文以茶葉貿(mào)易為例,探討茶對(duì)十八世紀(jì)的英國(guó)所產(chǎn)生的影響。全文共分為五個(gè)部分:前言部分闡明研究該課題的意義,概述了國(guó)內(nèi)外本課題的學(xué)術(shù)史與研究現(xiàn)狀并對(duì)論文寫作所用的研究方法以及資料來源進(jìn)行了說明。第一章梳理了十八世紀(jì)中英茶貿(mào)易的諸多面相。首先闡明了中西茶貿(mào)易的緣起與發(fā)展,然后對(duì)十八世紀(jì)中英茶葉貿(mào)易進(jìn)行了全方位的考察,包括中英茶葉貿(mào)易的具體發(fā)展過程、茶葉貿(mào)易的數(shù)量、商品結(jié)構(gòu)、裝載方式以及茶葉種類等問題。第二章主要研究茶在英國(guó)的普及過程。茶在進(jìn)入英國(guó)后,首先受到上層社會(huì)的歡迎,在其所造成的示范效應(yīng)下,又從社會(huì)上層向社會(huì)下層逐漸滲透,最終在英國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)了普及。與此同時(shí),社會(huì)各界對(duì)于飲茶是否有益進(jìn)行了激烈爭(zhēng)論,通過這一爭(zhēng)論,英國(guó)人對(duì)茶的認(rèn)識(shí)變得更為深刻全面。第三章主要探討飲茶對(duì)于英國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)生活所造成的影響。首先,茶與英國(guó)的社會(huì)生活關(guān)系密切,茶在進(jìn)入英國(guó)后,就與咖啡以及酒類等飲品構(gòu)成了事實(shí)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系,由于英國(guó)人在飲茶方式上實(shí)現(xiàn)了本土化,才使得茶在英國(guó)社會(huì)真正扎下了根,與此同時(shí),茶也改變了英國(guó)人的飲食規(guī)律,豐富了他們的休閑生活;其次,茶也深刻影響了英國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,正是茶葉貿(mào)易的不斷增長(zhǎng)帶動(dòng)了中英陶瓷貿(mào)易的大發(fā)展,刺激了英國(guó)人發(fā)展自身的陶瓷制造業(yè)。作為該行業(yè)的代表,威基伍德成為英國(guó)工業(yè)革命時(shí)期最偉大的人物之一,而英國(guó)陶瓷業(yè)的發(fā)展反過來又影響了中英陶瓷貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,導(dǎo)致英國(guó)東印度公司經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期摸索而形成的茶葉—陶瓷—西米這一商品結(jié)構(gòu)最終解體。第四章主要評(píng)述茶對(duì)英國(guó)的政治生活的影響。由于英國(guó)所征收的茶稅較高,歐陸各國(guó)的東印度公司從中國(guó)購(gòu)買的茶幾乎全部以走私的方式進(jìn)入了英國(guó),英國(guó)在自身利益受到損害的情況下通過了《交換法案》,以降低茶稅的方式沉重打擊了歐陸各國(guó)的茶葉貿(mào)易,確立了自身在中西茶貿(mào)易中的壟斷地位。為了保證中英貿(mào)易尤其是茶貿(mào)易的穩(wěn)定進(jìn)行,英國(guó)先后派遣出卡斯卡特使團(tuán)與馬戛爾尼使團(tuán)訪華,后者深刻影響了中英關(guān)系在未來的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The exchange of civilizations has always been an important force in promoting the development of history. Taking the tea trade as an example, this paper discusses the influence of tea on England in the 18 th century. The full text is divided into five parts: the preface explains the significance of the research, summarizes the academic history and current research situation of this topic at home and abroad, and explains the research methods and data sources used in the writing of the thesis. The first chapter combs many aspects of Sino-British tea trade in the 18 th century. The origin and development of tea trade between China and the West are first expounded, and then a comprehensive investigation is made on the Sino-British tea trade in the 18th century, including the specific development process of the Sino-British tea trade, the quantity of tea trade, and the commodity structure. Loading methods and tea types and other issues. The second chapter mainly studies the popularization of tea in Britain. After entering Britain, tea was first welcomed by the upper class, and then gradually infiltrated from the upper class to the lower social level under the demonstration effect of tea. Finally, tea was popularized in the United Kingdom. At the same time, there has been a heated debate about the usefulness of tea drinking, through which the British people's understanding of tea has become more profound and comprehensive. The third chapter mainly discusses the impact of tea drinking on the economic and social life in Britain. First of all, tea is closely related to the social life of the United Kingdom. After entering the United Kingdom, tea has formed a de facto competitive relationship with drinks such as coffee and alcohol, because the British have achieved localization in the way they drink tea. It was only then that tea took root in British society. At the same time, tea also changed the British diet and enriched their leisure lives. Secondly, tea also had a profound impact on the economic development of the United Kingdom. It is the continuous growth of tea trade that drives the great development of Sino-British ceramic trade and stimulates the British to develop their own ceramic manufacturing industry. As a representative of the industry, Wakewood became one of the greatest figures in the British Industrial Revolution, and the development of the British ceramic industry, in turn, affected the development of Sino-British ceramics trade. Led to the British East India after a long-term exploration and formation of tea-ceramics-Simi this commodity structure finally disintegrated. The fourth chapter mainly reviews the influence of tea on British political life. Because of the relatively high tax on tea collected in Britain, almost all the tea purchased from China by the East India companies of the European countries has entered the United Kingdom by smuggling. Britain passed the Exchange Act under the condition that its own interests were damaged, which dealt a heavy blow to the tea trade of the European countries and established its monopoly position in the tea trade between China and the West by reducing the tea tax. In order to ensure the steady development of Sino-British trade, especially tea trade, Britain successively dispatched the CastCarter and Macartney missions to visit China, which had a profound impact on the future development of Sino-British relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K561.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 周麗群;;明清以來閩臺(tái)茶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展史研究進(jìn)展[J];臺(tái)灣農(nóng)業(yè)探索;2011年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 康健;茶業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)變遷[D];安徽師范大學(xué);2011年

2 吳麗娟;清代中俄大黃貿(mào)易研究[D];山西大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：1992022