發(fā)布時間：2018-06-04 07:15

  本文選題：18世紀 + 英國　； 參考：《武漢大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：長期以來,18世紀英國國教會在西方學術(shù)界未受到足夠的重視,原因之一便在于它所“固有”的負面形象。近三十年來,盡管有關(guān)18世紀國教會研究的內(nèi)容與視角已得到極大豐富和拓展,但對于這種“固有”形象的肯定與否定仍是該領(lǐng)域?qū)W者專家無法繞過的問題。本文以反教權(quán)主義者為切入點,通過批判性地考察和重現(xiàn)國教會負面形象的呈現(xiàn)過程,探討時人對國教會負面形象的回應(yīng),進而揭示18世紀國教會所面臨的威脅及其所保有的忠誠,并對“樂觀派”和“悲觀派”的學術(shù)論戰(zhàn)做出自己的回應(yīng)。 本文由導論和正文兩部分組成,導論部分主要介紹了選題的緣由和國內(nèi)外研究動態(tài),交代了史料來源,并限制了論述的起止時間等。 正文共分五章。第一章循著兩條主線探討國教會在18世紀面臨的宗教情勢。其中,一條主線是王政復辟以后英國“認信國家”體制的重建；另一條主線則是18世紀“教會大難臨頭”的呼聲,或者說,18世紀英國國教會面臨的主要威脅和它的主要敵人。 第二章考察18世紀國教會在宗教、政治領(lǐng)域中所遭遇的反抗和抨擊,以及在此過程中其“暴虐者”形象的逐步生成。 第三章論述國教會因什一稅問題而招致的攻擊,以及它在經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域中所獲得的“貪婪鬼”形象。 第四章討論18世紀國教會教職人員的“士紳化”傾向,以及反教權(quán)主義者為它在教牧生活中所塑造的“瀆職者”形象。 第五章主要探討兩大群體,即18世紀英國的護教者和普羅大眾對于反教權(quán)主義者的回應(yīng),并據(jù)此分析反教權(quán)主義者所呈現(xiàn)的負面形象是否深入人心,以及英國民眾對國教會所保有的忠誠問題。 本文最后認為,為了實現(xiàn)自己的宗教、政治訴求,反教權(quán)主義者在有意和無意中塑造了國教會的負面形象；18世紀國教會確實存在一些問題,但遠沒有反教權(quán)主義者所呈現(xiàn)的那么夸張；某種程度而言,是我們這些后人而非18世紀的民眾受制于反教權(quán)主義者所呈現(xiàn)的國教會負面形象；正是反教權(quán)主義者留下的文字和圖像影響了我們還原18世紀國教會真實狀況時的判斷力。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the Anglican Church has not received enough attention in the western academic circles for a long time, one of the reasons is its "inherent" negative image. In the past three decades, although the contents and perspectives of the study of the national churches in the 18th century have been greatly enriched and expanded, the affirmation and negation of this "inherent" image is still a problem that scholars and experts in this field cannot bypass. This paper, from the perspective of anti-fundamentalists, explores the response of people to the negative image of the church by critically examining and recreating the process of presenting the negative image of the church. It also reveals the threats and loyalties of the church in the 18th century, and makes its own response to the academic debates between the "optimists" and the "pessimists". This paper is composed of two parts: introduction and text. The introduction mainly introduces the reason of choosing the topic and the research trends at home and abroad, explains the sources of historical data, and limits the time of beginning and ending of the discussion. The text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter explores the religious situation of the National Church in the 18 th century by following two main lines. One of the main lines is the reconstruction of Britain's system of "believing in the country" after the restoration of the king's rule, the other is the cry of "the church is on its way" in the 18th century, or the main threat to the Church of England in the 18th century and its main enemies. The second chapter examines the resistance and criticism encountered by the National Church in the religious and political fields in the 18th century, and the gradual formation of the image of the "oppressor" in the process. The third chapter deals with the attack caused by the tax problem and the image of "greedy ghost" it gains in the field of economy. The fourth chapter discusses the "gentrification" tendency of the church staff in the 18th century, and the image of "dereliction of duty" created by the anti-religious authorities in their pastoral life. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the response of the two groups, that is, the protectors and the general public in the 18th century, to the anti-religious authoritarianism, and then analyzes whether the negative image of the anti-fundamentalists is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. And the loyalty of the British people to the Church of England. Finally, in order to realize one's religious and political demands, anti-religious rights activists deliberately and unwittingly created the negative image of the national church. There are some problems in the 18th century church. To some extent, our descendants, not the people of the 18th century, are subject to the negative image of the state church presented by the anti-fundamentalists. It is the anti-chauvinists who leave behind words and images that affect our judgment in restoring the true state of the 18 th century church.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K561

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