本文選題：冷戰(zhàn) + 蘇聯(lián)��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 1945年到1953年間蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭政策,是戰(zhàn)后蘇聯(lián)外交政策的重要組成部分。無(wú)論從地緣政治還是戰(zhàn)略地位角度來(lái)說(shuō),波蘭都是對(duì)蘇聯(lián)具有重要影響的國(guó)家�？疾爝@一時(shí)期蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭的政策,從中可以了解蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭內(nèi)政外交的影響,以及對(duì)波蘭社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的影響。 本論文分為三部分進(jìn)行論述: 第一部分,主要論述了大戰(zhàn)期間蘇波邊界線問(wèn)題的由來(lái),以及戰(zhàn)后三次國(guó)際會(huì)議上關(guān)于該問(wèn)題大國(guó)間的紛爭(zhēng)及解決過(guò)程。蘇波邊界線的確定,為蘇聯(lián)實(shí)現(xiàn)建立東歐安全帶提供物質(zhì)保障。 第二部分,論述了1945年到1948年,蘇聯(lián)從推行大國(guó)合作政策向集團(tuán)對(duì)抗政策轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)渡時(shí)期。這一時(shí)期為鞏固同波蘭的同盟關(guān)系,蘇聯(lián)加強(qiáng)了對(duì)波蘭的政黨建設(shè)的干預(yù),解決波蘭各黨派的斗爭(zhēng),打擊哥穆?tīng)柨ǖ摹安ㄌm道路”的建設(shè),最終從推行“聯(lián)合政府”政策到建立共產(chǎn)黨一黨專政的政策轉(zhuǎn)變。 第三部分,論述了冷戰(zhàn)局勢(shì)日益惡化后,為應(yīng)對(duì)杜魯門主義和馬歇爾計(jì)劃,蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭采取的各項(xiàng)措施。其表現(xiàn)為建立共產(chǎn)黨情報(bào)局,加強(qiáng)對(duì)波蘭政黨的聯(lián)系和控制;籌建經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會(huì),抵制馬歇爾計(jì)劃對(duì)波蘭以及東歐國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響;通過(guò)對(duì)波蘭派駐蘇聯(lián)顧問(wèn)和專家的形式,加強(qiáng)集團(tuán)的內(nèi)部聯(lián)系。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分,通過(guò)上述三部分的論述,筆者認(rèn)為,戰(zhàn)后初期蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭的政策,表現(xiàn)為三個(gè)階段性特征:第一階段,1945年到1947年,蘇聯(lián)為實(shí)現(xiàn)其戰(zhàn)后的大國(guó)合作政策,積極加強(qiáng)同波蘭的聯(lián)系。這一時(shí)期蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭的政策,是將波蘭納入蘇聯(lián)的勢(shì)力范圍而采取的措施。第二階段,1947年到1948年,蘇聯(lián)對(duì)外政策從大國(guó)合作向集團(tuán)對(duì)抗轉(zhuǎn)變,表現(xiàn)在蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭內(nèi)政干預(yù)的加強(qiáng),并促成波蘭由多黨制“聯(lián)合政府”向一黨制的轉(zhuǎn)變。第三階段,1948年到1953年,冷戰(zhàn)的深化使蘇聯(lián)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)波政策,這一時(shí)期蘇聯(lián)對(duì)波蘭的政策,主要是打著團(tuán)結(jié)社會(huì)主義陣營(yíng)的旗號(hào),對(duì)波蘭政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、對(duì)外關(guān)系進(jìn)行全方位的控制。
[Abstract]:Soviet policy towards Poland from 1945 to 1953 was an important part of postwar Soviet foreign policy. Politically and strategically, Poland is a country that has an important influence on the Soviet Union. After studying the Soviet Union's policy towards Poland during this period, we can understand the influence of the Soviet Union on Poland's internal and foreign affairs and on Poland's socialist construction. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part mainly discusses the origin of the Soviet-wave boundary problem during the World War, and the dispute and settlement process between the three international conferences after the war. The determination of the Soviet-wave boundary line provided the material guarantee for the Soviet Union to establish the seatbelt in Eastern Europe. The second part discusses the transition period from 1945 to 1948, from the great power cooperation policy to the group confrontation policy. In order to consolidate the alliance with Poland during this period, the Soviet Union stepped up its intervention in the construction of political parties in Poland, resolved the struggle of all parties in Poland, and cracked down on the construction of the "Polish road" of Gomulka. Finally, from the implementation of the "coalition government" policy to the establishment of the one-party dictatorship of the Communist Party. The third part discusses the measures taken by the Soviet Union against Poland in response to the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan after the worsening of the Cold War situation. It was manifested in the establishment of the Communist Intelligence Agency, the strengthening of ties and control over Polish political parties, the preparation of the Economic Mutual Assistance Committee, the resistance to the economic impact of the Marshall Plan on Poland and the countries of Eastern Europe, and the establishment of Soviet advisers and experts to Poland, Strengthen the group's internal ties. In the conclusion part, the author thinks that the Soviet Union's policy towards Poland in the early postwar period is characterized by three stages: the first stage, from 1945 to 1947, the Soviet Union realized its post-war policy of great power cooperation. We will actively strengthen our ties with Poland. The Soviet Union's policy towards Poland during this period was a measure to bring Poland into the Soviet Union's sphere of influence. In the second stage, from 1947 to 1948, the Soviet Union's foreign policy changed from big power cooperation to bloc confrontation, which was manifested in the strengthening of Soviet intervention in Poland's internal affairs and the transformation of Poland from a multi-party "coalition government" to a one-party system. In the third stage, from 1948 to 1953, the deepening of the Cold War led the Soviet Union to further strengthen its policy towards Poland. During this period, the Soviet Union's policy towards Poland, mainly in the name of uniting the socialist camp, was directed at Polish politics, economy and military affairs. Foreign relations are under full control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K512.5

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 沈志華;共產(chǎn)黨情報(bào)局的建立及其目標(biāo)——兼論冷戰(zhàn)格局形成的概念界定[J];中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué);2002年03期

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本文編號(hào)：1885022