本文選題：冷戰(zhàn) + 日本��； 參考：《哈爾濱師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：從舊金山和約簽訂到1972年中日邦交正�；�,日本政府對(duì)華一直奉行“政經(jīng)分離”原則。所謂政經(jīng)分離,就是一方面追隨美國(guó)承認(rèn)臺(tái)灣國(guó)民政府為中國(guó)的法定政府;另一面與大陸進(jìn)行民間經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái)。政經(jīng)分離這一概念有廣義與狹義之分,廣義的政經(jīng)分離原則是指兩國(guó)雖然在法律上相互沒(méi)有建立外交關(guān)系,但卻維持一定經(jīng)濟(jì)文化上的聯(lián)系。二者雖互不承認(rèn),但是可以在經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行政府間的交流,或者簽訂政府間協(xié)定,甚至進(jìn)行大使級(jí)別的會(huì)談;狹義方面是指,不僅政治與經(jīng)濟(jì)要分開處理,而且在進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化交涉活動(dòng)時(shí)也要由民間組織來(lái)處理,不能與政府或者與政府有關(guān)的組織發(fā)生關(guān)系。在冷戰(zhàn)期間,日本反復(fù)使用對(duì)華“政經(jīng)分離”原則。這主要是由日本領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的政治理念及對(duì)政經(jīng)分離的認(rèn)識(shí)決定的,時(shí)而是廣義上的,時(shí)而是狹義上的。而中國(guó)政府所要求的是廣義上的政經(jīng)分離。這樣使得中日民間貿(mào)易協(xié)定一波三折。 本文共分四部分,除涉及日本對(duì)華關(guān)系外,還涉及了美日關(guān)系、日臺(tái)關(guān)系及日本政府內(nèi)部變化。而且從某種意義上說(shuō),本文還從美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)的冷戰(zhàn)政策的國(guó)際大環(huán)境來(lái)看日本對(duì)華的政經(jīng)分離。 第一部分主要分析了“政經(jīng)分離”產(chǎn)生的國(guó)際背景,冷戰(zhàn)波及到東亞后使得日本與中國(guó)分屬不同的陣營(yíng)。吉田茂為了實(shí)現(xiàn)日本的獨(dú)立,不得不擱置與中國(guó)建立政治關(guān)系的愿望而服從美國(guó)承認(rèn)臺(tái)灣。但吉田并沒(méi)有放棄與中國(guó)大陸進(jìn)行經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái)的夙愿。 第二部分主要闡述了“政經(jīng)分離”的初步實(shí)踐及挫折。首先,討論了反吉田派對(duì)吉田這一外交理念的繼承,并將其初步實(shí)施以實(shí)現(xiàn)中日兩國(guó)的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái),其中以岸信介內(nèi)閣為主;其次,探討政經(jīng)分離形式受挫的原因,主要是在于彼此的外交定位不同,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致兩國(guó)對(duì)“政經(jīng)分離”認(rèn)識(shí)的爭(zhēng)議,最終使得僅有的一點(diǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系被迫中斷。 第三部分論述的是池田首相吸取岸信介內(nèi)閣的教訓(xùn),把日本對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略引向經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展領(lǐng)域。他還及時(shí)調(diào)整日本對(duì)華關(guān)系,重開中日間的民間經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái),把政經(jīng)分離發(fā)展為具有準(zhǔn)政府性質(zhì),即廣義上政經(jīng)分離。但是此舉遭到臺(tái)灣與美國(guó)的反對(duì),尤其是臺(tái)灣不遺余力地從列島境內(nèi)外向日本政府施壓,使得政經(jīng)分離處于風(fēng)雨飄搖狀態(tài)。 第四部分主要對(duì)“政經(jīng)分離”深層次方面的認(rèn)識(shí),包括兩方面:一是日本對(duì)華實(shí)行政經(jīng)分離是與美國(guó)對(duì)日政策分不開的。不僅如此,美國(guó)還千方百計(jì)向日本施壓,破壞中日間的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái);另一方面是日本以政經(jīng)分離為手段,分裂臺(tái)灣。其方法就是政治上承認(rèn)臺(tái)灣,經(jīng)濟(jì)上與大陸往來(lái)。這樣可以利用這個(gè)原則既要挾臺(tái)灣又要挾大陸,以達(dá)到將臺(tái)灣分裂出中國(guó)的目的。
[Abstract]:From the signing of the Treaty of Peace in San Francisco to the normalization of Sino-Japanese relations in 1972, the Japanese government has been pursuing the principle of separation of politics and economy from China. The so-called separation of politics and economy means, on the one hand, to follow the United States in recognizing the Taiwan National Government as China's legal government, and on the other hand, to engage in private economic and trade exchanges with the mainland. The concept of separation of politics and economy can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. The broad principle of separation of politics and economy refers to the fact that the two countries do not establish diplomatic relations with each other in law, but maintain certain economic and cultural ties. Although the two do not recognize each other, they can engage in intergovernmental exchanges in the economic and cultural fields, or enter into intergovernmental agreements or even hold talks at the ambassadorial level; in a narrow sense, not only politics and economy should be dealt with separately, Moreover, the economic and cultural negotiation activities should also be handled by non-governmental organizations, not with the government or government related organizations. During the Cold War, Japan repeatedly used the principle of separation of politics and economy from China. This is mainly determined by the political ideas of Japanese leaders and their understanding of the separation of politics and economy, sometimes in a broad sense and sometimes in a narrow sense. What the Chinese government demands is a broad separation of politics and economy. This makes the Sino-Japanese folk trade agreement a series of twists and turns. This paper is divided into four parts, including the relationship between Japan and China, the relationship between Japan and Japan, the relationship between Japan and Taiwan, and the internal changes of the Japanese government. In a sense, this paper also looks at Japan's political and economic separation from China in the light of the international environment of the Cold War policy of the United States towards China. The first part mainly analyzes the international background of "separation of politics and economy", which makes Japan and China belong to different camps after the Cold War spread to East Asia. In order to achieve Japan's independence, Yoshida had to shelve his desire to establish political relations with China and accept Taiwan from the United States. But Yoshida has not given up his long-cherished desire to engage in economic and trade exchanges with mainland China. The second part mainly elaborated the preliminary practice and the setback of the separation of politics and economy. First of all, it discusses the inheritance of the diplomatic idea of the anti-Yoshida party Yoshida, and puts it into practice in order to realize the economic and trade exchanges between China and Japan, in which the Kishi Nobusuke cabinet is the main body. Secondly, the reasons for the frustration of the form of political and economic separation are discussed. This is mainly due to the differences in diplomatic orientation between the two countries, which led to a dispute over the understanding of "political and economic separation", which eventually led to the interruption of only a bit of economic ties. In the third part, Prime Minister Ikeda draws lessons from Kishi Nobusuke cabinet and leads Japan's internal and external strategy to the field of economic development. He also readjusted Japan's relations with China in time, reopened Sino-Japanese folk economic and trade exchanges, and developed the separation of politics and economy into a quasi-government one, that is, the separation of politics and economy in a broad sense. But the move has met opposition from Taiwan and the United States, especially since Taiwan has spared no effort to pressure the Japanese government from within and outside the archipelago, leaving political and economic separation in a volatile state. The fourth part is mainly about the deep understanding of the separation of politics and economy, including two aspects: one is that the separation of politics and economy from China is inseparable from the policy of the United States towards Japan. Not only that, the United States also tried to exert pressure on Japan to undermine economic and trade exchanges between China and Japan.On the other hand, Japan used political and economic separation as a means to split Taiwan. The way is to recognize Taiwan politically, and to do business with the mainland economically. This principle can be used to blackmail both Taiwan and the mainland in order to separate Taiwan from China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K313.5

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1870470