本文選題：731部隊(duì) + 人體實(shí)驗(yàn)�。� 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，侵華日軍建立了一批從事人體細(xì)菌戰(zhàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)的基地。其中最為臭名昭著的就是位于中國東北哈爾濱平房地區(qū)的731部隊(duì)。該部隊(duì)在部隊(duì)長石井四郎的率領(lǐng)下，利用大批無辜的中國人以及其他國家的人做慘無人道的實(shí)驗(yàn)，并將其實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果用于細(xì)菌作戰(zhàn)，其令人發(fā)指的殘暴程度不亞于甚至遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了同時(shí)期的德國納粹集中營。其中更是蘊(yùn)含著大量的醫(yī)學(xué)道德問題。事實(shí)上，731部隊(duì)所進(jìn)行的非人道實(shí)驗(yàn)給整個(gè)人類道德所帶來的沖擊是顯而易見的，，它直接動(dòng)搖了整個(gè)人類人之為人的道德基礎(chǔ)，引發(fā)了一系列的人道主義危機(jī)。我們認(rèn)為，為了從歷史上吸取教訓(xùn)，使科學(xué)真正地為人類造福。應(yīng)當(dāng)對731部隊(duì)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行深入的倫理反思和批判。這不僅是對歷史的尊重，同時(shí)也是人類倫理道德體系中一個(gè)重要的理論和實(shí)踐問題。 到目前為止，已有多位學(xué)者對該暴行進(jìn)行了多層次的史料及倫理研究，本文主要采用案例分析的方法，在對基本史實(shí)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)介紹和總結(jié)前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，從倫理視角對二戰(zhàn)日軍731部隊(duì)所進(jìn)行的反人道主義人體實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了多方位的考察。并提出了作者自己的觀點(diǎn)：對731部隊(duì)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行批判，特別是從倫理視角進(jìn)行考察，不僅是要“喚醒歷史意識，防止集體遺忘”，更為重要的是彰顯道德價(jià)值，規(guī)范人體實(shí)驗(yàn)，為當(dāng)代醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)研究的發(fā)展提供適當(dāng)?shù)牡赖轮误w系；日軍731部隊(duì)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)是對醫(yī)學(xué)的目的原則、知情同意原則、維護(hù)受試者利益的原則以及科學(xué)性原則的嚴(yán)重違背；白軍731部隊(duì)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)是人類的恥辱，這些暴行之所以會(huì)產(chǎn)生有著深刻的道德根源：科學(xué)需要與倫理原則的內(nèi)在矛盾是它的間接原因，日本的武士道思想影響下形成倫理霸權(quán)主義是它的直接原因。本文對731部隊(duì)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)審視所獲得的啟示是：必須加強(qiáng)醫(yī)學(xué)人體實(shí)驗(yàn)的倫理審查，必須重視醫(yī)德建設(shè)，必須促進(jìn)醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)道德屬性的研究。
[Abstract]:During World War II, the Japanese invading China established a number of bases for human bacteriological warfare experiments. One of the most notorious is the 731 unit in Harbin, northeast China. Led by Siro Ishii, the commander of the army, the force used a large number of innocent Chinese and people from other countries to carry out inhuman experiments and to use the results of its experiments in bacteriological warfare. Its outrageous brutality was no less than or far greater than the Nazi concentration camps of the same period in Germany. Among them, there are a lot of medical moral problems. As a matter of fact, the impact of the inhuman experiment carried out on the whole human morality is obvious, which directly shakes the moral foundation of the whole human being and causes a series of humanitarian crises. We believe that in order to draw lessons from history, so that science truly for the benefit of mankind. The human body experiment of 731 troops should be deeply reflected and criticized. This is not only a respect for history, but also an important theoretical and practical problem in human ethical system. Up to now, many scholars have carried on the multi-level historical data and the ethics research to this atrocity, this article mainly uses the case analysis method, carries on the systematic introduction to the basic historical facts and summarizes the predecessor research foundation, The anti-humanitarian human experiments carried out by Japanese Army 731 in World War II were investigated from an ethical point of view. And put forward the author's own viewpoint: to criticize the human body experiment of the 731 unit, especially to investigate from the angle of ethics, is not only to "awaken the historical consciousness and prevent the collective forgetting", but more important is to show the moral value. Standardizing human body experiments, providing an appropriate moral support system for the development of contemporary medical scientific research. The principle of safeguarding the interests of the subjects and the principle of being scientific are seriously violated; the human experiment of the White Army 731 is a disgrace to mankind. These atrocities have profound moral roots: the internal contradiction between scientific needs and ethical principles is its indirect reason, and the formation of ethical hegemonism under the influence of Bushido thought in Japan is its direct cause. The enlightenment of this paper is that we must strengthen the ethical review of medical human experiments, attach importance to the construction of medical ethics, and promote the study of medical technology and morality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K152

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