本文選題：美國 + 肯尼迪政府��； 參考：《華東師范大學》2006年博士論文

【摘要】：肯尼迪時期，美國與蘇聯(lián)在一系列問題上達成了共識，并進行了一定的合作；對于中國，美國則仍然采取強硬政策。這樣一來，東西方冷戰(zhàn)就出現(xiàn)了一個獨特的歷史現(xiàn)象，即冷戰(zhàn)的邏輯重心應該在歐洲(美蘇之間)，而實際重心卻是在亞洲(中美之間)。冷戰(zhàn)的深入研究，客觀上需要對這一獨特歷史現(xiàn)象作出解釋并探討其根源。 本項研究的一個基本的學術判斷是，肯尼迪政府之所以對中國采取不同于蘇聯(lián)的政策，除了受美國國家利益和全球冷戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)略因素影響外，還有美國對華認識這一重要因素。國家利益是美國制定對華政策的目標依據，，而肯尼迪政府對中國問題上的“國家利益”的界定，對中國在美國全球戰(zhàn)略中所扮演“角色”的定位，以及美國為實現(xiàn)和維護國家利益而采取的政策措施，卻受到美國對華認識的深刻影響。因此，肯尼迪時期美國的對華認識，在很大程度上規(guī)定了美國政策選擇的空間，是美國政府制定對華政策的直接依據。 本文討論的肯尼迪政府的對華認識，主要是指肯尼迪政府對中國政治、經濟、軍事和外交的認識，重點放在肯尼迪政府對中國外交言行、政策和路線方針的認識上。在分析肯尼迪政府的對華認識時，力求將肯尼迪政府的對華認識放在外交關系的框架內加以考察，揭示肯尼迪政府對華認識與美國對華政策之間的內在聯(lián)系，對華認識在美國對華政策中的作用。 本文的主旨在于，通過考察肯尼迪政府對中國的認識及其在對華政策中的實施情況，揭示中國在肯尼迪政府的“中國觀”和對華政策形成中的作用，從而顯現(xiàn)中國在肯尼迪時期中美雙邊關系中的地位和作用。就更高的目標來說，力圖通過肯尼迪政府對華認識及其政策實施的分析，突出美國對華政策中非“利益”層面的“軟”因素的作用，強調中美兩國關系的“雙向性”和“互動性”。 本文主要依據肯尼迪時期白宮、國務院、中央情報局、國會的大量檔案材料，美國學術界有關中國的代表性學術論文和專著，主要報刊雜志上有關中國的文章，美國主要民意測驗機構的報告。運用歷史唯物主義方法，借鑒西方有關的國際政治理論，系統(tǒng)考察和分析肯尼迪時期美國對華認識及其在對華政策中的作用。 本論文除導言和結語，共分為五章： 第一章，梳理前肯尼迪時期美國對中國的認識，重點考察二戰(zhàn)后美國對中國定位上的發(fā)展變化。在珍珠港事件之前，美國認為中國政治動蕩、經濟落后、國力衰弱，但中
[Abstract]:During the Kennedy period, the United States and the Soviet Union reached a consensus on a series of issues and cooperated to a certain extent; for China, the United States still adopted a tough policy. As a result, the Cold War between East and West emerged a unique historical phenomenon, namely, the logical focus of the Cold War should be in Europe (between the United States and the Soviet Union), while the actual focus was in Asia (between China and the United States). The deep study of the Cold War objectively requires an explanation of this unique historical phenomenon and its root causes. A basic academic judgment of this study is that the Kennedy administration's policy towards China is different from that of the Soviet Union, which is influenced not only by the national interests of the United States and the global cold war strategy, but also by the United States' understanding of China. National interests are the basis for the United States to formulate its China policy, and the Kennedy administration's definition of "national interests" on China issues is the orientation of China's "role" in the global strategy of the United States. And the policies and measures taken by the United States to realize and safeguard the national interests are deeply influenced by the understanding of the United States towards China. Therefore, America's understanding of China during the Kennedy period, to a large extent, defined the space for the choice of American policy, and was the direct basis for the US government to formulate its China policy. The Kennedy administration's understanding of China mainly refers to the Kennedy administration's understanding of China's politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy, with emphasis on the Kennedy administration's understanding of China's foreign affairs, words, deeds, policies and guidelines. In the analysis of Kennedy Administration's understanding of China, the author tries to examine Kennedy Administration's understanding of China within the framework of diplomatic relations, and to reveal the internal relationship between Kennedy Administration's understanding of China and the United States' China policy. The role of recognition of China in American Policy towards China. The purpose of this paper is to reveal China's role in the formation of Kennedy's "China" and its China policy by examining the Kennedy administration's understanding of China and its implementation in China policy. So as to show the status and role of China in the bilateral relations between China and the United States during the Kennedy period. As far as the higher goal is concerned, through the analysis of the Kennedy administration's understanding of China and its policy implementation, the role of "soft" factors in the non-interest level of the United States' policy towards China is highlighted. To emphasize the "bidirectional" and "interactive" nature of the relationship between China and the United States. This article is based on a large number of archival materials from the Kennedy White House, the State Department, the Central Intelligence Agency, Congress, representative academic papers and monographs on China in the United States academic circles, and articles on China in major newspapers and magazines. Report by the leading US pollsters. By using the historical materialism method and drawing lessons from the relevant international political theories of the West, this paper systematically examines and analyzes the American understanding of China and its role in the policy towards China during the Kennedy period. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this thesis is divided into five chapters: The first chapter, combing the pre-Kennedy era of American understanding of China, focusing on the post-World War II development of the United States on the positioning of China. Prior to the Pearl Harbor incident, the United States believed that China was politically unstable, economically backward and weak.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：K712.54

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 陳兼;;對“冷戰(zhàn)”在戰(zhàn)略層面的再界定——1960年代末、1970年代初美國對華及東亞政策的轉變及其涵義[J];國際政治研究;2008年03期

本文編號：1849730