本文選題：羅馬帝國 + 戴克里先　； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：公元三世紀(jì),羅馬帝位更迭頻繁,軍隊在皇帝廢立過程中起了決定性的作用。歷任皇帝都想方設(shè)法通過增加軍餉和各種贈予來獲取軍隊的支持,因而導(dǎo)致帝國經(jīng)濟負擔(dān)日重、危機頻發(fā)。284年,戴克里先繼位。面對嚴(yán)重的政治和經(jīng)濟危機,他開始了多方面的改革。本文除引言和結(jié)語外,分五個部分論述戴克里先的經(jīng)濟改革。 第一部分探討了戴克里先經(jīng)濟改革的背景。從政治上看,帝位更迭頻繁導(dǎo)致帝國陷入無政府狀態(tài)。從經(jīng)濟上看,為滿足戰(zhàn)爭和軍隊需求,歷任皇帝隨意征稅、鑄造劣值貨幣導(dǎo)致通貨膨脹,使國家經(jīng)濟處于崩潰邊緣。 第二部分探討了戴克里先稅制改革的具體內(nèi)容和影響。包括征稅評估方式的改革、人口普查工作、年度預(yù)算征稅法以及實物稅、金銀稅的改變等。此外,對稅制改革的成效和繳稅總量作了初步探析,肯定了稅制改革的成就。 第三部分從貨幣重鑄、貨幣價值重定和貨幣流通情況剖析了戴克里先的貨幣改革政策,特別強調(diào)了新貨幣體系的實質(zhì)是建立了以銅幣為基礎(chǔ)的貨幣體系,并探討了貨幣改革失敗的原因和影響。 第四部分從物價敕令頒布的原因、內(nèi)容和特點、敕令失敗的原因三個方面探討了戴克里先的物價敕令,通過論述戴克里先應(yīng)對通貨膨脹的非常規(guī)作法,揭示了物價改革的全過程和失敗的必然性。 第五部分對戴克里先的經(jīng)濟改革進行了總體評價,在肯定其改革積極意義的同時,指出了其失敗的必然性。
[Abstract]:In the third century AD, Roman emperors changed frequently, and the army played a decisive role in the emperor's abrogation. Successive emperors sought to gain support from the army by increasing their pay and various gifts, which led to a heavy burden on the imperial economy and frequent crises. In the face of a serious political and economic crisis, he embarked on a number of reforms. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper discusses Diocrien's economic reform in five parts. The first part discusses the background of Diocletian's economic reform. Politically, the frequent changes of emperors led to anarchy. From the economic point of view, in order to meet the needs of the war and the army, successive emperors collected taxes at will, forged inferior currency and caused inflation, making the national economy on the verge of collapse. The second part discusses the concrete content and influence of Diocletian tax system reform. These include tax assessment reform, census work, annual budget taxes and changes in physical taxes, gold and silver taxes. In addition, the paper makes a preliminary analysis on the effect of tax system reform and the total amount of tax paid, and affirms the achievements of tax system reform. The third part analyzes Diocletian's monetary reform policy from the aspects of currency re-establishment, monetary value revaluation and currency circulation, especially emphasizes that the essence of the new monetary system is to establish a monetary system based on copper coins The paper also discusses the causes and effects of the failure of currency reform. In the fourth part, from the reasons, contents and characteristics of the Royal decree on Price, and the reasons for the failure of the Royal decree, the author discusses the price edict of Diocrien, and discusses the unconventional ways of dealing with inflation. It reveals the whole process of price reform and the inevitability of failure. The fifth part gives a general evaluation of Dikrien's economic reform and points out the inevitability of its failure while affirming its positive significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K126

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 袁波;雷大川;;從危機走向中興——戴克里先改革芻議[J];重慶社會科學(xué);2006年08期

2 王三義;;羅馬稅制的積弊與戴克里先稅制改革[J];世界歷史;2007年01期

3 袁波;;試析戴克里先的行政管理模式[J];青島大學(xué)師范學(xué)院學(xué)報;2009年03期

，

本文編號：1806936