本文選題：乞丐 + 西歐��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：乞丐自古以來(lái)就是人類社會(huì)中常見(jiàn)的群體,他們?cè)诓煌瑫r(shí)代,不同地域從事著相似的營(yíng)生。歐洲早在荷馬時(shí)代就有他們的蹤跡,其存在延續(xù)至今未曾斷絕。但是在不同時(shí)期,人們對(duì)乞丐的態(tài)度有所不同,有反對(duì),有寬容,甚至有某種推崇。從中世紀(jì)晚期向近代過(guò)渡的轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,乞丐問(wèn)題顯得格外嚴(yán)重,人們對(duì)乞丐的態(tài)度也發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變。本文通過(guò)探討這種態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變,結(jié)合當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),尋找這種態(tài)度所體現(xiàn)的思想和社會(huì)意義,希望能夠給予現(xiàn)代社會(huì)一定的借鑒和參考。本文在引言中分析了人們對(duì)“乞丐”的觀念認(rèn)識(shí)。正文分四個(gè)部分,第一部分對(duì)中世紀(jì)西歐社會(huì)的乞丐進(jìn)行了概述,重點(diǎn)總結(jié)了中世紀(jì)西歐社會(huì)對(duì)乞丐的看法,以此作為比較的起點(diǎn);第二部分從社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的角度,介紹中世紀(jì)晚期至近代早期乞丐問(wèn)題凸顯的原因及其嚴(yán)重程度,第三部分從普通人、世俗政權(quán)和宗教界三個(gè)角度,探討近代早期西歐社會(huì)對(duì)乞丐的態(tài)度,與第一部分中世紀(jì)時(shí)期西歐社會(huì)對(duì)乞丐的看法形成對(duì)比。第四個(gè)部分分析這種對(duì)比和變化所體現(xiàn)的思想意義。在結(jié)語(yǔ)中通過(guò)結(jié)合當(dāng)下社會(huì),反觀近代早期西歐社會(huì)的乞丐問(wèn)題,求得對(duì)當(dāng)代社會(huì)問(wèn)題的關(guān)照。
[Abstract]:Beggars have been a common group in human society since ancient times. They existed in Europe as early as Homer, and their existence has not been cut off. But in different periods, people's attitude to beggars is different, there is opposition, there is tolerance, and even some kind of praise. In the transition period from the late Middle Ages to the modern times, the beggar problem is very serious, and people's attitude towards beggars has changed greatly. By discussing the change of this attitude and combining with the social reality at that time, this paper looks for the thought and social significance of this attitude, hoping to give some reference to the modern society. In the introduction, this paper analyzes people's understanding of "beggar". The text is divided into four parts, the first part of the medieval Western European society of beggars are summarized, the focus of the medieval Western European society on beggars, as the starting point of comparison; the second part from the perspective of social reality, This paper introduces the causes and severity of the beggar problem from the late Middle Ages to the early modern times. The third part discusses the attitudes towards beggars in the early modern Western Europe from the perspectives of ordinary people, secular regimes and religious circles. The first part contrasts with the view of beggars in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. The fourth part analyzes the ideological significance of this kind of contrast and change. In the conclusion, by combining the current society and looking back on the beggar problem in the early modern Western Europe, the author tries to take care of the contemporary social problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K504

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