本文選題：戰(zhàn)后 + 聯(lián)邦德國�。� 參考：《福建師范大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國為恢復經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展與繁榮,進行了大規(guī)模的重建。然而其國內(nèi)勞動力并不能滿足經(jīng)濟建設與社會發(fā)展的需求,于是不得不從國外招募大批的勞動力來彌補國內(nèi)勞動力的不足。這些外籍勞工主要來自經(jīng)濟相對落后的南歐和地中海沿岸國家,他們不能在聯(lián)邦德國永久居住,工作期滿后須遣返回國,被德國人稱作“客籍勞工”�？图畡诠ぶ饕植荚诼�(lián)邦德國的工業(yè)領域,且居住相對集中,形成了許多聚集地。他們來自不同的國家或地區(qū),具有不同的文化背景,在聯(lián)邦德國的社會地位也不盡相同。由于德國社會強烈的排外性,客籍勞工的融合程度不高,很難融入德國主流社會。客籍勞工是戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國經(jīng)濟建設的主力軍,為其經(jīng)濟的繁榮做出了巨大的貢獻,并成為聯(lián)邦德國平衡經(jīng)濟的工具。同時,客籍勞工對勞工輸出國也產(chǎn)生了重大影響,為他們帶來了豐厚的外匯,但也造成了嚴重的人才流失。1973年,由于世界石油危機的影響,聯(lián)邦德國就停止了募工計劃,并遣返大量的客籍勞工。但是此時,許多客籍勞工已不愿意離開聯(lián)邦德國,大部分滯留在了聯(lián)邦德國,并通過家庭團聚政策把家人接過來,勞工問題逐漸向移民問題演變,對德國向移民國家轉(zhuǎn)變起了很大的推動作用。
[Abstract]:After the war, the Federal Republic of Germany to restore economic development and prosperity, a large-scale reconstruction.However, its domestic labor force can not meet the needs of economic construction and social development, so it has to recruit a large number of labor force from abroad to make up for the shortage of domestic labor force.The foreign workers, mainly from economically backward southern European and Mediterranean coastal countries, could not live permanently in the Federal Republic of Germany and had to be repatriated after the end of their jobs, known as "guest workers" in Germany.The guest labor mainly distributes in the Federal Republic of Germany's industrial domain, and the residence is relatively concentrated, has formed many gathering places.They come from different countries and regions, have different cultural backgrounds, and have different social status in the Federal Republic of Germany.Due to the strong exclusion of German society, the integration of guest workers is not high, it is difficult to integrate into mainstream German society.Guest labor is the main force in the economic construction of postwar Federal Germany, which has made great contribution to its economic prosperity and has become the tool of balancing the economy of the Federal Republic of Germany.At the same time, guest workers have had a major impact on labour-exporting countries, bringing them rich foreign exchange but also serious brain drain. In 1973, due to the impact of the world oil crisis, the Federal Republic of Germany stopped recruiting jobs.And repatriating large numbers of migrant workers.At this time, however, many guest workers were no longer willing to leave the Federal Republic of Germany. Most of them were stranded in the Federal Republic of Germany, and their families were transferred through the family reunification policy. The labour problem gradually evolved to the issue of immigration.It was a big boost to Germany's transition to an immigrant country.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K518

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