本文選題：戰(zhàn)后 + 聯(lián)邦德國(guó)　； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國(guó)為恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與繁榮,進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模的重建。然而其國(guó)內(nèi)勞動(dòng)力并不能滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)與社會(huì)發(fā)展的需求,于是不得不從國(guó)外招募大批的勞動(dòng)力來彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)勞動(dòng)力的不足。這些外籍勞工主要來自經(jīng)濟(jì)相對(duì)落后的南歐和地中海沿岸國(guó)家,他們不能在聯(lián)邦德國(guó)永久居住,工作期滿后須遣返回國(guó),被德國(guó)人稱作“客籍勞工”�？图畡诠ぶ饕植荚诼�(lián)邦德國(guó)的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,且居住相對(duì)集中,形成了許多聚集地。他們來自不同的國(guó)家或地區(qū),具有不同的文化背景,在聯(lián)邦德國(guó)的社會(huì)地位也不盡相同。由于德國(guó)社會(huì)強(qiáng)烈的排外性,客籍勞工的融合程度不高,很難融入德國(guó)主流社會(huì)�？图畡诠な菓�(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的主力軍,為其經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn),并成為聯(lián)邦德國(guó)平衡經(jīng)濟(jì)的工具。同時(shí),客籍勞工對(duì)勞工輸出國(guó)也產(chǎn)生了重大影響,為他們帶來了豐厚的外匯,但也造成了嚴(yán)重的人才流失。1973年,由于世界石油危機(jī)的影響,聯(lián)邦德國(guó)就停止了募工計(jì)劃,并遣返大量的客籍勞工。但是此時(shí),許多客籍勞工已不愿意離開聯(lián)邦德國(guó),大部分滯留在了聯(lián)邦德國(guó),并通過家庭團(tuán)聚政策把家人接過來,勞工問題逐漸向移民問題演變,對(duì)德國(guó)向移民國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)變起了很大的推動(dòng)作用。
[Abstract]:After the war, the Federal Republic of Germany to restore economic development and prosperity, a large-scale reconstruction.However, its domestic labor force can not meet the needs of economic construction and social development, so it has to recruit a large number of labor force from abroad to make up for the shortage of domestic labor force.The foreign workers, mainly from economically backward southern European and Mediterranean coastal countries, could not live permanently in the Federal Republic of Germany and had to be repatriated after the end of their jobs, known as "guest workers" in Germany.The guest labor mainly distributes in the Federal Republic of Germany's industrial domain, and the residence is relatively concentrated, has formed many gathering places.They come from different countries and regions, have different cultural backgrounds, and have different social status in the Federal Republic of Germany.Due to the strong exclusion of German society, the integration of guest workers is not high, it is difficult to integrate into mainstream German society.Guest labor is the main force in the economic construction of postwar Federal Germany, which has made great contribution to its economic prosperity and has become the tool of balancing the economy of the Federal Republic of Germany.At the same time, guest workers have had a major impact on labour-exporting countries, bringing them rich foreign exchange but also serious brain drain. In 1973, due to the impact of the world oil crisis, the Federal Republic of Germany stopped recruiting jobs.And repatriating large numbers of migrant workers.At this time, however, many guest workers were no longer willing to leave the Federal Republic of Germany. Most of them were stranded in the Federal Republic of Germany, and their families were transferred through the family reunification policy. The labour problem gradually evolved to the issue of immigration.It was a big boost to Germany's transition to an immigrant country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K518

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