美國(guó)黑人早期爭(zhēng)取民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)探究(1865-1920)
本文選題:非裔美國(guó)人 + 民權(quán); 參考:《上海師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文
【摘要】:美國(guó)黑人群體在美國(guó)歷史進(jìn)程中有著極其特殊的經(jīng)歷。在將近三百年的歷史中,黑人種族先后經(jīng)歷了兩百多年的奴隸制度以及一百多年的種族隔離制度。非裔美國(guó)人是最早來(lái)到美洲大陸的族群之一,卻長(zhǎng)期生活在社會(huì)的最底層。此外,在種族主義的浸淫之下,黑人群體飽受種族歧視之苦。南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束讓非裔美國(guó)人看到了自由平等的曙光。在戰(zhàn)后重建的過(guò)程之中,美國(guó)黑人在北方共和黨的幫助之下獲得了公民的身份與權(quán)利,同時(shí)黑人通過(guò)自己的努力與發(fā)展逐漸穩(wěn)固自己的力量。但是隨著重建的結(jié)束,尤其是在南方種族主義猖獗的地區(qū),白人的重新掌權(quán)使得黑人的權(quán)利逐漸喪失。在種族隔離制度以及白人的暴力威脅之下,,19世紀(jì)末至20世紀(jì)初的黑人生活幾乎與奴隸制時(shí)期無(wú)異,黑人的權(quán)利無(wú)法得到保障。但始終致力于民族解放以及爭(zhēng)取自由平等權(quán)利的非裔美國(guó)人并沒(méi)有失去對(duì)于自由與權(quán)利的渴望。在種族隔離制度的封鎖之下,黑人群體通過(guò)自己的努力不斷積聚自己的力量并通過(guò)不同方式進(jìn)行著對(duì)于公民權(quán)利的抗?fàn)。與此同時(shí),布克?華盛頓與杜波伊斯兩位杰出黑人領(lǐng)袖的涌現(xiàn),對(duì)于黑人爭(zhēng)取民權(quán)提供了鮮明的指導(dǎo)方針。雖然黑人在19、20世紀(jì)之交的努力并沒(méi)有取得卓越的成效,但是黑人群體自身的建設(shè)為日后更大規(guī)模的民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)打下了堅(jiān)定的基礎(chǔ),而黑人領(lǐng)袖的思想與人格魅力激勵(lì)了非裔美國(guó)人的奮起與抗?fàn)帯?br/>[Abstract]:The black group in the United States has a very special experience in the course of American history.In nearly three hundred years of history, the black race experienced more than 200 years of slavery and more than a hundred years of apartheid.African-Americans were among the first to come to the continent, but have long lived at the bottom of society.In addition, under the immersion of racism, the black community suffered from racial discrimination.The end of the Civil War brought the dawn of freedom and equality to African Americans.In the process of post-war reconstruction, the black Americans gained their citizenship and rights with the help of the Northern Republican Party, while the blacks gradually consolidated their strength through their own efforts and development.But with the end of reconstruction, especially in the racist regions of the South, the return of whites to power gradually deprived black people of their rights.Under the threat of apartheid and white violence, black life from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century was almost the same as that of slavery, and the rights of blacks could not be guaranteed.But African-Americans, who have always been committed to national liberation and equal rights, have not lost their desire for freedom and rights.Under the blockade of apartheid, the black community constantly amassed its own strength through its own efforts and fought civil rights in different ways.Meanwhile, Booker?The emergence of two prominent black leaders, Washington and Dubois, provided clear guidelines for black people to fight for civil rights.Although the efforts of blacks at the turn of the 20th century did not yield remarkable results, the building of the black community itself laid a firm foundation for a larger civil rights movement in the future.But the black leader's thought and the personality charm has encouraged the African-American to rise and fight.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號(hào)】:K712.5
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