本文選題：紐卡斯爾　切入點：采煤工業(yè)　出處：《天津師范大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：紐卡斯爾是英國重要煤炭工業(yè)城市,也是英國最大煤炭港口。從中世紀到現(xiàn)代它一直是英國重要的煤炭輸出地,從15世紀起這里出產的煤炭就已享譽歐洲,有“海煤”之稱。漫長的中世紀里,紐卡斯爾完成了由一個以軍事防御為主的城堡到一個采煤業(yè)城市的轉變。這一轉變對紐卡斯爾至關重要,因為它決定了城市以后的發(fā)展方向,也奠定了紐卡斯爾在未來英國的地位。16世紀后紐卡斯爾的發(fā)展,與煤炭工業(yè)和煤炭貿易息息相關。 本文論述了從16世紀到20世紀早期,紐卡斯爾采煤工業(yè)與貿易的發(fā)展歷程,并將其最初的發(fā)展與近代英國經(jīng)濟的轉型和工業(yè)革命前“大工業(yè)”對煤炭的需求結合起來,論述了各個時期紐卡斯爾采煤工業(yè)和煤炭貿易的特征,尤其對采煤工業(yè)的環(huán)節(jié)和煤炭貿易的組織作了較為詳細的剖析。 工業(yè)革命對紐卡斯爾產生了重要的影響,不僅是大機器生產所需要的大量煤炭刺激了其采煤業(yè)和煤炭貿易的發(fā)展,更重要的是現(xiàn)代化機器廣泛地應用于紐卡斯爾的煤炭生產和煤炭貿易中,促使其產生了一系列生產與組織上的變革,并對紐卡斯爾城市發(fā)展產生深刻影響。19世紀以后,紐卡斯爾向著以煤炭工業(yè)為基礎、多種工業(yè)部門并舉的綜合性工業(yè)發(fā)展。繁忙的煤炭貿易也帶動了紐卡斯爾港口的發(fā)展,19世紀末,紐卡斯爾成為英國最重要的港口之一 工業(yè)與貿易的發(fā)展也使得城市規(guī)模不斷擴大,人口不斷增加,城市的社會服務職能也隨之不斷的完善,這一切都使得紐卡斯爾向一座現(xiàn)代化的城市發(fā)展,在今天紐卡斯爾已經(jīng)成為英國東北部地區(qū)最大的工商業(yè)城市。
[Abstract]:Newcastle is an important coal industry city and the largest coal port in Britain.From the Middle Ages to modern times, it has been an important coal export to Britain. Since the 15th century, the coal produced here has enjoyed a reputation in Europe, known as "sea coal".During the long Middle Ages, Newcastle completed the transition from a fortified castle to a coal-mining city.This shift was crucial to Newcastle because it determined the future direction of the city and laid the foundation for Newcastle's position in the future in England. The development of Newcastle after the 16th century was closely related to the coal industry and the coal trade.This paper discusses the development of Newcastle coal mining industry and trade from the 16th century to the early 20th century, and combines its initial development with the transformation of modern British economy and the demand for coal by "big industry" before the industrial revolution.The characteristics of Newcastle coal mining industry and coal trade in different periods are discussed, especially the links of mining industry and the organization of coal trade are analyzed in detail.The industrial revolution had an important impact on Newcastle, not only because the large amount of coal needed for the production of large machines stimulated the development of its coal mining industry and the coal trade,More importantly, modern machines were widely used in Newcastle's coal production and coal trade, which led to a series of production and organizational changes, and had a profound impact on Newcastle's urban development after the 19th century.Newcastle developed to a comprehensive industry based on coal industry and developed simultaneously in many industrial sectors.The busy coal trade also led to the development of Newcastle port. At the end of the 19th century, Newcastle became one of the most important ports in BritainThe development of industry and trade also made the scale of the city expand, the population increased, and the social service function of the city improved, all of which led Newcastle to develop into a modern city.Newcastle has become the largest industrial and commercial city in the northeast of England today.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K561.4

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1706528