本文關(guān)鍵詞： 樸定陽(yáng)事件 中國(guó) 朝鮮 宗藩關(guān)系　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 19世紀(jì)80年代是中朝宗藩關(guān)系史上的一個(gè)重要變化時(shí)期。1882年，《朝美通商修好條約》簽訂后，歐美列強(qiáng)相繼進(jìn)入朝鮮，朝鮮全面開國(guó)。隨著對(duì)外交往的增多，朝鮮自主意識(shí)開始增強(qiáng)，近代國(guó)家觀念開始出現(xiàn)，并要求開展獨(dú)立自主的對(duì)外活動(dòng)。同時(shí)，由于這一時(shí)期東北亞國(guó)際局勢(shì)的變化，清朝出于中國(guó)東北邊疆安全的考慮，改變了過去對(duì)藩屬國(guó)“內(nèi)政外交任由自主”的傳統(tǒng)政策，對(duì)朝鮮內(nèi)政外交進(jìn)行直接干預(yù)。這增強(qiáng)了朝鮮的離心傾向，脫離清朝控制、實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立自主的要求越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈，朝鮮開始試圖沖破宗藩體制，利用歐美勢(shì)力牽制中國(guó)，以達(dá)到“以夷制夷”的目的。1887年，朝鮮政府任命樸定陽(yáng)為駐美全權(quán)公使。朝鮮的自主遣使行為遭到清政府的干涉，從而引發(fā)了持續(xù)四年之久的“樸定陽(yáng)事件”。樸定陽(yáng)使美后，不受清朝駐外使節(jié)的約束，，而是自主地展開了一系列的外交活動(dòng)。清朝抓住此事的責(zé)任問題不放，要求嚴(yán)懲樸定陽(yáng)。圍繞這一事件，中朝之間展開了反復(fù)持久的外交交涉。最終，朝鮮政府采取有效的抗?fàn)幉呗�，頂住了清朝的�?qiáng)大壓力，使樸定陽(yáng)免受懲處并加以重用，維護(hù)了國(guó)家尊嚴(yán)。 本論文主要分三部分進(jìn)行論述，即“樸定陽(yáng)事件”的歷史背景、樸定陽(yáng)使美前的清朝干涉、樸定陽(yáng)使美后圍繞“違章”發(fā)生的中朝糾紛。 第一部分主要論述樸定陽(yáng)事件的歷史背景。1882年《朝美通商修好條約》的簽訂標(biāo)志著朝鮮全面開國(guó)，歐美列強(qiáng)相繼進(jìn)入朝鮮，使朝鮮的社會(huì)危機(jī)加深。但同時(shí)，歐風(fēng)美雨也使朝鮮能夠進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)世界，激發(fā)了朝鮮國(guó)家主權(quán)意識(shí)。隨著列強(qiáng)對(duì)朝鮮的滲透和清對(duì)朝全面干涉政策的實(shí)施，朝鮮開始力爭(zhēng)擺脫中朝宗藩體制的束縛，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的獨(dú)立自主外交。 第二部分主要論述樸定陽(yáng)使美前的清朝干涉。隨著自主意識(shí)的增強(qiáng)，朝鮮政府決定向簽約各國(guó)派使，全面開展獨(dú)立自主的外交活動(dòng)。1887年，朝鮮政府任命樸定陽(yáng)為駐美全權(quán)公使，沈相學(xué)(后改任趙臣熙)為駐歐(英、德、法、俄、意)公使。朝鮮欲示自主于各國(guó)，而清則欲示屬邦于天下。為此，清朝極力阻止朝鮮遣使歐美，規(guī)定朝鮮遣使必須“先咨后派”，并要求朝鮮降低派遣使節(jié)的等級(jí)，最后還創(chuàng)制出近代外交使節(jié)制度上聞所未聞的特殊模式“另約三端”。 第三部分主要論述樸定陽(yáng)使美后圍繞“違章”發(fā)生的中朝糾紛。樸定陽(yáng)赴美后，并沒有按照“三端”行事，而是自主地展開了一系列的外交活動(dòng)。清朝抓住此事的責(zé)任問題不放，要求嚴(yán)懲樸定陽(yáng)。朝鮮政府則采取有效的抗?fàn)幉呗裕斪×饲宄膹?qiáng)大壓力，使樸定陽(yáng)免受懲處并加以重用，維護(hù)了國(guó)家尊嚴(yán)。
[Abstract]:1880s is the suzerain vassal relations history an important change in the period of.1882 years, the trade treaty > < fix after the signing, the Western powers have entered North Korea, North Korea's founding comprehensive. With the increase of foreign exchanges, the Korean independent consciousness began to increase, modern idea of the state began to appear, and required to carry out independent activities at the same time. Due to changes in Northeast Asia, this period of the international situation, the Qing Dynasty for security China northeast frontier considerations, changed the past to vassal states "let the domestic and foreign independent" traditional policy of direct intervention on the Korean domestic and foreign. This enhances the centrifugal tendency of North Korea, out of control of the Qing Dynasty, more and more strong independent requirements North Korea began, trying to break the Zongfan system, the use of European and American forces to contain China, yiyizhiyi to.1887 years, the Korean government appointed Pu Dingyang As in the United States. North Korea's minister plenipotentiary envoy was independent of the Qing government interference behavior, which triggered a sustained four years of "Pu Dingyang incident". The park Dingyang beauty, from the Qing Dynasty diplomatic envoys of the constraints, but independently launched a series of diplomatic activities. The Qing Dynasty hold responsibility problem of this thing don't put, Portsmouth. Dingyang punished around this incident, the persistent diplomatic negotiations between China and the DPRK launched. In the end, the Korean government to take effective strategies to fight, against the strong pressure of the Qing Dynasty, Pu Dingyang from punishment and reuse, safeguard the national dignity.
This paper is mainly divided into three parts: the historical background of "Pu Dingyang incident", the interference of Pu Ding Yang in the Qing Dynasty before the Qing Dynasty, and the dispute between China and DPRK around the violation of rules.
The first part mainly discusses the historical background of the events Dingyang Portsmouth.1882 < fix > the trade treaty marks the founding of North Korea fully, Western powers have entered North Korea, the Korean social crisis. But at the same time, also enable North Korea to further understand the influences of Western culture and civilization world, stimulate the Korean national sovereignty consciousness. With the infiltration of powers to North Korea and toward a comprehensive intervention policy, North Korea began to strive to get rid of the shackles of suzerain vassal system, realize the independent foreign real.
The second part mainly discusses the beauty of the park Dingyang before the Qing Dynasty. With the increased awareness of the interference, the Korean government decided to send to the nations, to fully carry out the independent diplomacy.1887, the Korean government appointed Pu Dingyang as ambassador to the United States, minister plenipotentiary, Shen Xiangxue (after he was named Zhao Chen Xi) as in Europe (UK, Germany, law. Russian Minister, Italy). North Korea want to show self in all countries, and is shown to the Qing vassal state in the world. To this end, the Qing Dynasty tried to stop North Korea sent to Europe and the United States, the provisions of the Korean envoy must first consult after school ", and urged the DPRK to reduce envoys level, finally also created a special mode of the diplomatic" the system of about three other unheard of end ".
The third part mainly discusses the beauty of Dingyang park around the "illegal" between China and the United States after the dispute. Dingyang Portsmouth, did not act in accordance with the "three ends", but independently launched a series of diplomatic activities. The Qing Dynasty hold responsibility matter on Dingyang. North Korea demanded severe punishments for Portsmouth government take effective the struggle strategy, has withstood the great pressure of the Qing Dynasty, the park Dingyang from punishment and reuse, safeguard the national dignity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K256.9;K312.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 朱芹;體系與依附：李承晚外交獨(dú)立思想研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：1548133