本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國婦女 政治參與 參政權(quán) 女權(quán)運動　出處：《山東師范大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 占美國人口總數(shù)一半的美國婦女,在政治上卻是一個弱勢群體。殖民地時期的美國婦女就有了政治覺醒的意識;1948年召開的第一次婦女權(quán)利大會,婦女就正式公開提出了選舉權(quán)的要求,但一直到1920年美國國會才給予了婦女選舉權(quán)。從此,婦女才有了政治參與的前提,才可以通過投票選舉關(guān)心婦女問題的候選人。爭取參政權(quán)的斗爭持續(xù)了70多年,中間經(jīng)歷了漫長而艱難的斗爭。 婦女取得了參政權(quán)后,其政治地位并沒有發(fā)生根本變化,因為好多婦女即使有了選舉權(quán)也沒有參加選舉。婦女的參政熱情不高,她們并沒有真正意識到選舉權(quán)對其自身的重要性。但20世紀80年代,由于一系列因素的推動,美國婦女開始從政治邊緣走向政治中心,并取得了巨大的參政成就。 20世紀80年代,美國的婦女參政取得了巨大成就,但還是存在許多問題和不足。由于傳統(tǒng)觀念的影響根深蒂固和現(xiàn)實因素的嚴重制約,婦女要取得和男性完全平等的地位是一個長期而艱辛的過程,并且需要全社會的共同努力。 全文共分導論、正文、結(jié)語和參考資料四個部分。 導論部分主要是說明參政和婦女參政的概念、研究意義和國內(nèi)外學術(shù)界對婦女參政研究的動態(tài)。 正文部分由三章組成。 第一章主要是以婦女參政權(quán)運動的歷史考察為切入點,介紹了美國殖民地時期婦女政治覺醒的情況、早期的婦女運動情況以及婦女為取得參政權(quán)所進行的巨大努力和艱苦斗爭。 第二章主要是從從社會學和統(tǒng)計學的角度,分析了20世紀80年代美國婦女參政的狀況。對婦女參政所取得的成就以及婦女參政存在的問題和不足進行了系統(tǒng)總結(jié)。美國婦女參政所取得的主要成就有:婦女的參政意識和參政觀念大幅提高、婦女出任政府公職的數(shù)量大有進步、華裔美國婦女在政壇迅速崛起。本章是本文的重點。 第三章主要是從社會學和心理學的角度對婦女參政的制約因素進行分析,并對如何提高美國婦女的參政水平提出了自己的見解。 結(jié)語部分是對本文的一個總結(jié)。主要對80年代的參政狀況和美國婦女參政的重要意義進行總結(jié),并對婦女參政的趨勢做了展望。最后指出,婦女參政的前途是光明的,但道路是曲折的。
[Abstract]:Half of the total population of the United States of American women in politics, is a vulnerable groups. During the colonial period of American women have political awareness; the first women's Rights Convention held in 1948, women will officially put forward the request of right to vote, but until 1920 the United States Congress to give women the right to vote since then, women have the premise of political participation, to vote for the candidate concerned about women's issues. Fight for political rights struggle lasted for more than 70 years, has experienced a long and hard struggle.
Women gained suffrage, its political status has not changed fundamentally, because many women even had the right to vote did not participate in the elections. Women's participation enthusiasm is not high, they are not really aware of the importance of the election right on its own. But in 1980s, driven by a series of factors, American women began to from the political edge to the political center, and has made great achievements in politics.
In 1980s, women's participation in the United States has made great achievements, but there are still many problems and shortcomings. Due to restrict the influence of the traditional concept of ingrained and realistic factors, women must obtain the status of full equality with men is a long and arduous process, and requires the joint efforts of the whole society.
The full text is divided into four parts: introduction, text, conclusion and reference material.
The introduction is mainly about the concept of participation in political participation and women's participation in political affairs, the significance of the study and the dynamics of women's participation in the study of women's participation in political affairs at home and abroad.
The body part consists of three chapters.
The first chapter is mainly based on the historical investigation of the movement of women's participation in politics. It introduces the situation of women's political awakening in the colonial era, the early situation of women's movement and the great efforts and arduous struggles that women made to get the right to participate in politics.
The second chapter is mainly from the sociological and statistical perspective, analysis of the 1980s American women's political participation status. The existing problems and shortcomings made in women's participation in politics as well as the achievements of women's political participation are summarized. The main achievements of the United States women's political participation has: Women's awareness of political participation and political concept of a substantial increase in the number of women. As the government has made great progress, the rapid rise of Chinese American women in politics. This chapter is the focus of this paper.
The third chapter mainly analyzes the restrictive factors of women's participation in politics from the perspective of sociology and psychology, and puts forward their own views on how to improve the level of women's participation in politics.
The conclusion is a summary of this article. It mainly summarizes the status of participation in politics in 80s and the importance of American women's participation in politics, and looks into the trend of women's participation in politics. Finally, it points out that the future of women's participation in politics is bright, but the road is tortuous.

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D447.12;K712.5

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 黃海燕;農(nóng)村婦女在基層民主中政治參與研究[D];華東理工大學;2011年

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本文編號：1535558