本文關(guān)鍵詞： 兩伊戰(zhàn)爭 伊拉克 對外關(guān)系　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伊拉克復(fù)興黨自1968年第二次執(zhí)政后,對外方針上一直執(zhí)行“兩步走”戰(zhàn)略。在中東,伊拉克一直爭作地區(qū)強國,努力成為阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)袖。在中東以外的地區(qū),伊拉克奉行“中立、不結(jié)盟”的外交政策。而兩伊戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)改變了伊拉克現(xiàn)存的外交環(huán)境,持久而殘酷的戰(zhàn)爭使伊拉克筋疲力盡。面對霍梅尼的瘋狂戀戰(zhàn),伊拉克由激進(jìn)的阿拉伯國家轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闇睾偷陌⒗畤?并放棄“中立、不結(jié)盟”的策略,轉(zhuǎn)而主動向阿拉伯國家、世界大國示好,并同他們發(fā)展友好關(guān)系。本文主要討論兩伊戰(zhàn)爭期間伊拉克為贏得戰(zhàn)爭所作出的外交努力。在此期間,伊拉克與很多國家建立起友好關(guān)系,并爭取到軍事、經(jīng)濟、人力、情報等多方面的支持。全文一共包括四個章節(jié)：第一章概述了兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊拉克對外關(guān)系的背景。20世紀(jì)80年代,全球范圍內(nèi)的冷戰(zhàn)還沒有結(jié)束,美蘇在中東的爭奪還異常的激烈。冷戰(zhàn)的陰影與兩伊戰(zhàn)爭相互交織,導(dǎo)致伊拉克的外交關(guān)系發(fā)生了很大的變化。第二章詳細(xì)論述兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊拉克與蘇聯(lián)的關(guān)系。兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊蘇關(guān)系從冷淡到友好到再次動搖,經(jīng)歷了一波三折的復(fù)雜變化。而戰(zhàn)爭中伊拉克對蘇聯(lián)武器的依賴,致使伊蘇關(guān)系的變化直接影響了伊拉克前線的武器供應(yīng)。第三章主要論述兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊拉克與美國的關(guān)系。伊美關(guān)系較伊蘇關(guān)系而言,具有較強的穩(wěn)定性,即使出現(xiàn)過危機也未影響到伊美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展趨勢,為此伊美之間還建立了情報、軍事、經(jīng)濟等多方面的聯(lián)系與合作,這對戰(zhàn)爭中的伊拉克來說非常重要。第四章主要論述兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊拉克與阿拉伯國家的關(guān)系。兩伊戰(zhàn)爭中,阿拉伯國家與伊拉克同生存、共命運,互為彼此的依靠與屏障。伊拉克必須首先處理好同阿拉伯國家的關(guān)系,以保證后方的穩(wěn)定與支援。而阿拉伯國家在兩伊戰(zhàn)爭中分為明顯的兩派：以約旦為首的支持伊拉克的阿拉伯國家和以敘利亞為首的反對伊拉克的阿拉伯國家。面對兩伊戰(zhàn)爭,阿拉伯世界分崩離析,但絕大部分阿拉伯國家選擇支持伊拉克。最后通過對伊拉克這八年外交活動的分析,總結(jié)出伊拉克在兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期的外交特點并對伊拉克這一時期的外交活動的得與失做出相應(yīng)評價。兩伊戰(zhàn)爭時期伊拉克的一切外交活動及其外交變化皆是基于維持戰(zhàn)爭以及盡早贏得戰(zhàn)爭的需要。伊拉克通過發(fā)展同這些國家的關(guān)系贏得了戰(zhàn)爭所需要的支持。
[Abstract]:Since its second term in power in 1968, the Baath Party of Iraq has been implementing the "two-step" strategy in its foreign policy. In the Middle East, Iraq has always been a regional power. Iraq pursues a "neutral, non-aligned" foreign policy outside the Middle East, and the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war has changed Iraq's existing diplomatic environment. Iraq was exhausted by a long and brutal war. In the face of Khomeini's frantic love war, Iraq changed from a radical Arab state to a moderate Arab state and abandoned its "neutral, non-aligned" strategy. This paper mainly discusses the diplomatic efforts made by Iraq to win the war during the Iran-Iraq War. Iraq has established friendly relations with many countries and has secured military, economic and human resources. The first chapter summarizes the background of Iraq's foreign relations during the Iran-Iraq War. 80s of the 20th century, the global cold war has not yet ended. The rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Middle East is also unusually fierce. The shadow of the cold war is intertwined with the Iran-Iraq war. The second chapter discusses the relations between Iraq and the Soviet Union in detail during the Iran-Iraq War. The relations between Iraq and the Soviet Union in the period of the Iran-Iraq War were changed from indifference to friendship to shaking again. After a series of complicated changes, Iraq's reliance on Soviet weapons during the war. The third chapter mainly discusses the relationship between Iraq and the United States during the war between Iraq and Iraq. The relationship between Iraq and the United States is more stable than that of the Soviet Union. Even if there has been a crisis, it has not affected the stable development trend of the relations between Iraq and the United States. For this reason, the relations and cooperation between Iraq and the United States have been established in many aspects, such as intelligence, military affairs, economy and so on. This is very important to Iraq during the war. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the relations between Iraq and Arab countries during the Iran-Iraq War. Iraq must first deal with its relations with the Arab countries. In order to ensure the stability and support of the rear, the Arab countries were divided into two distinct factions in the Iran-Iraq war:. The Arab countries, led by Jordan, which supported Iraq, and the Arab countries, led by Syria, which opposed Iraq, faced the Iran-Iraq war. The Arab world fell apart, but the vast majority of Arab countries chose to support Iraq. Finally, an analysis of Iraq's eight years of diplomatic activity was adopted. This paper summarizes the diplomatic characteristics of Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War and makes a corresponding evaluation of the gains and losses of the Iraqi diplomatic activities during this period. All the diplomatic activities and diplomatic changes in Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War are based on the dimension. Iraq has won the necessary support for war by developing relations with these countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K377.53

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