本文關(guān)鍵詞： 英俄貿(mào)易 煙草 海軍物資 艦船 科學(xué)儀器　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：英俄之間的直接貿(mào)易開始于16世紀。17世紀末18世紀初,隨著國際關(guān)系日益復(fù)雜化,英俄之間的貿(mào)易聯(lián)系亦多有波動。彼得大帝即位后,對國內(nèi)煙草貿(mào)易政策放寬。英國商人在彼得隨使團游歷歐洲時與之簽訂煙草合同。英國商人在煙草貿(mào)易中獲利很少,同時進行的海軍物資貿(mào)易彌補了煙草貿(mào)易的損失。這一時期,俄國為了壯大海軍力量,在波羅的海地區(qū)打敗瑞典,秘密地從英國購買艦船,這項貿(mào)易對俄國意義重大。除了從英國采購船只外,俄國還從英國進口了許多科學(xué)儀器。彼得一世在英國有專門負責(zé)采買儀具的代理人。本篇論文主要分為三個部分:第一部分,前言。介紹本文的選題意義和研究情況。第二部分,論文的主體。第1章,英俄在彼此對外貿(mào)易中的地位。從宏觀上把握這一時期英俄貿(mào)易的發(fā)展情況和趨勢。第2章,英國主動與俄國開展的貿(mào)易。這部分主要敘述了兩項貿(mào)易,煙草貿(mào)易和海軍物資貿(mào)易。英國商人一直想打開俄國市場,但兩國正式開展煙草貿(mào)易后,利潤卻非常低。海軍物資貿(mào)易彌補了煙草貿(mào)易帶來的損失。從俄國進口海軍物資對英國極為重要,英國曾試圖通過在北美殖民地發(fā)展海軍物資生意來擺脫對俄國的依賴,但最終失敗。第3章,俄國主動與英國開展的貿(mào)易。這一章分為兩個部分,艦船貿(mào)易和科學(xué)儀器貿(mào)易。從英國采購艦船對俄國海軍艦隊的建成具有重要意義。在這個過程中,英國的莫斯科公司商人發(fā)揮了很大的作用�？茖W(xué)儀器貿(mào)易是英俄貿(mào)易中非常小的一部分,作為本章內(nèi)容的補充。第三部分,結(jié)語。對整篇論文進行總結(jié)。概括這一時期英俄貿(mào)易的整體特征。英國出超,俄國入超;英國對俄國的物資依賴加強;俄國是這一階段的主要獲利者,外交目的高于商業(yè)目的;英俄之間的貿(mào)易聯(lián)系主要受外交關(guān)系的影響,隨著兩國外交關(guān)系的波動而波動。
[Abstract]:The direct trade between Britain and Russia began at the end of 16th century and the beginning of 18th century. With the increasing complexity of international relations, the trade relations between Britain and Russia also fluctuated. Peter the Great became king. Relaxation of domestic tobacco trade policy. British merchants signed tobacco contracts with Peter during his mission to Europe. British traders made little profit from the tobacco trade. The simultaneous trade in naval supplies made up for the loss of the tobacco trade, during which Russia secretly bought ships from Britain in order to strengthen its navy by defeating Sweden in the Baltic region. This trade means a great deal to Russia. Except to buy ships from Britain. Russia has also imported many scientific instruments from the United Kingdom. Peter I has a special agent responsible for purchasing instruments in the United Kingdom. This paper is mainly divided into three parts: the first part. Introduction. Introduce the significance and research situation of this thesis. The second part, the main body of the thesis. Chapter 1. The position of Britain and Russia in each other's foreign trade. Grasp the development and trend of British and Russian trade in this period macroscopically. Chapter 2, the trade between Britain and Russia. This part mainly narrates two items of trade. The tobacco trade and the naval goods trade. British businessmen have been trying to open up the Russian market, but after the two countries officially opened the tobacco trade. The profits were very low. The trade in naval supplies made up for the loss of the tobacco trade. Imports of naval supplies from Russia were of great importance to Britain. Britain tried to get rid of its dependence on Russia by developing its naval goods business in the North American colonies, but it failed. Chapter 3, Trade between Russia and Britain, is divided into two parts. Ship trade and scientific instrument trade. Procurement of ships from Britain is of great importance to the building of the Russian naval fleet. In the process. The trade in scientific instruments is a very small part of the trade between Britain and Russia, as a supplement to the content of this chapter. The third part. Conclusion. Summarize the whole thesis. Summarize the overall characteristics of the Anglo-Russian trade in this period. Britain's increased dependence on Russia; Russia is the main beneficiary of this stage, the diplomatic purpose is higher than the commercial purpose; The trade relationship between Britain and Russia is mainly influenced by diplomatic relations and fluctuates with the fluctuation of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F749;K512.3

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