本文關(guān)鍵詞： 歷史學(xué)家之爭 恩斯特·諾爾特 于爾根·哈貝馬斯 事件 記憶　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 1986-87年的“歷史學(xué)家之爭”作為二戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國最為重要的知識分子爭論之一,對其歷史政治文化和歷史科學(xué)的發(fā)展都造成了十分重要的影響。本文在系統(tǒng)回顧“歷史學(xué)家之爭”全過程的基礎(chǔ)上,從事件和記憶兩個層面出發(fā),對這場爭論的形象及其形成原因作了描述與分析,以便進(jìn)一步對其作出評價。 本文除緒言與結(jié)語外,主體一共分為三部分: 第一部分,細(xì)致地考察了“歷史學(xué)家之爭”爆發(fā)、推進(jìn)和終結(jié)的過程及其后續(xù)發(fā)展。在爭論中,以歷史學(xué)家為首的德國知識界圍繞著國家社會主義,在歷史事實、研究方法和學(xué)術(shù)倫理等多個層面上展開了爭論。而在最初的激烈討論過去后,爭論轉(zhuǎn)而進(jìn)入使自我歷史化的層面,開始以另一種方式發(fā)揮著影響。 第二部分,在事件史的視角下從三方面分析了“歷史學(xué)家之爭”作為一場史學(xué)爭論所具有的獨特面貌。聯(lián)邦德國當(dāng)時的政治文化背景與歷史學(xué)科內(nèi)部的派別斗爭,導(dǎo)致在這場爭論中形成了兩大格外針鋒相對的陣營;而作為一場主要在大眾媒體上進(jìn)行的史學(xué)爭論,在繼之的德國史學(xué)爭論中日益彰顯的標(biāo)志性特征已經(jīng)在其中得到了反映;與此同時,歷史研究活動之哲學(xué)性和社會政治性也在這場爭論中被分外明顯地折射了出來。 第三部分,從歷史科學(xué)和公共領(lǐng)域兩個角度分析了“歷史學(xué)家之爭”在記憶中所具有的形象。一方面是歷史學(xué)家內(nèi)部由于代際差異所形成的對于學(xué)科與職業(yè)不同的自我定位,另一方面是爭論參與者在這場爭論中不同的個人體驗,導(dǎo)致了這場爭論在不同的個人和群體那里具有不同的形象。而大眾媒體持久的介入也決定性地影響了對爭論的回憶和紀(jì)念。 總之,作為一場非純學(xué)術(shù)性的史學(xué)爭論,“歷史學(xué)家之爭”是聯(lián)邦德國國內(nèi)一些持續(xù)了一段時間的現(xiàn)象和趨勢的集中表現(xiàn)。通過這場爭論,歷史科學(xué)及其學(xué)科記憶的開放性得到了展現(xiàn)與強(qiáng)化。
[Abstract]:1986-87 years of Historikerstreit as the Federal Republic of Germany after World War II, the most important one of the intellectual debate on its historical development, political culture and history of science have a very important influence. Based on the review of the whole process of "historians dispute" system, starting from the two aspects of events and memory. The debate of the image and its causes are described and analyzed, in order to further to evaluate them.
In this paper, except the preface and epilogue, is divided into three main parts:
The first part examines in the Historikerstreit outbreak, advance and end of the process and its subsequent development. In the debate, the German intelligentsia to historians led around the socialist country, in many aspects of historical facts, research methods and academic ethics on the debate. In the past the initial discussion after the debate turned into the history of the self start level, another way to play.
In the second part, from the perspective of the event history analysis of "unique appearance has historians dispute as a historical argument from three aspects. At the time of the Federal Republic of Germany within the political and cultural background and historical subjects of factional struggle, resulting in this debate has formed two big foreign tit for tat camp; as a the historical debate mainly in the mass media, in the following signs of German historiography debate becomes more and more obvious characteristics have been reflected in them; at the same time, the history of research activities and social and political philosophy is particularly obviously refracted out in this debate.
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