本文關(guān)鍵詞： 古希臘 酒神節(jié) 婦女　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：古希臘是人類文明的發(fā)祥地之一。古希臘文明留下了豐富的文化、藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)。這些文化、藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)之中,古希臘人祭祀神靈的宗教節(jié)日是最具代表性的文化遺產(chǎn)之一。本文立足于眾多宗教節(jié)日之中的酒神節(jié),運用歷史學(xué)、心理學(xué)、政治學(xué)、宗教學(xué)和社會學(xué)等學(xué)科的相關(guān)知識和方法。筆者試探性分析了酒神崇拜活動、婦女走出家門參加酒神慶典的情況和婦女參加酒神慶典的原因。古希臘是男權(quán)社會,男性在經(jīng)濟、政治、軍事、體育等領(lǐng)域擁有絕對控制力,婦女處于依附男性的地位。但是,我們不能據(jù)此認為婦女在古希臘社會中沒有任何權(quán)利,她們是有權(quán)參加酒神祭祀活動的。而且,她們在祭祀活動還扮演了極為重要的角色。婦女有權(quán)參加酒神祭祀活動,這不能根本上改變她們低下社會地位的處境。但是,婦女們因為遠離社會而造成的孤獨感和自卑感得到了暫時的緩解和克服。本文由三個部分組成:緒論,正文,參考文獻。其中正文分為三章。緒論:包括選題的緣由及選題的意義,重點概述了國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界對古希臘婦女相關(guān)問題的研究情況。第一章:本章首先概述酒神崇拜從克里特文明到城邦文明期間的演變,再歸納古希臘人祭祀酒神過程中逐漸演化形成的四類節(jié)日:花月節(jié)、勒那亞節(jié)、鄉(xiāng)村酒神節(jié)和城市酒神節(jié)。然后對四類酒神祭祀節(jié)日的基本儀式和主要內(nèi)容做了陳述。第一章對古希臘婦女形象地位的研究做了范圍鑒定,即從酒神文化視野下展開。第二章:本章首先從政治權(quán)利、法律獨立性、財產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)、結(jié)婚權(quán)和離婚權(quán)六個領(lǐng)域展開,分析古希臘婦女平日的生活狀況,她們絕大部分時間不得不待在家中從事繁瑣的家務(wù)勞動和履行相夫教子的職責。酒神節(jié)日來臨,婦女可以走出家庭參加酒神慶典。她們平日積累的不快和煩惱被暫時地忘卻,身心得到放松。酒神慶典緩解了婦女平日里的緊張情緒,豐富了她們的精神文化生活,轉(zhuǎn)嫁了婦女不滿男權(quán)社會的矛頭,有利于古希臘社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展。酒神慶典的另一重大意義是孕育了古希臘戲劇藝術(shù)。婦女們走出家門觀看精彩的戲劇演出。活躍寬松的戲劇創(chuàng)作氛圍,使得婦女不僅沒有被排除到戲劇文學(xué)之外,她們成為了戲劇作家創(chuàng)作戲劇的靈感和源泉。本章首先分析了婦女在政治權(quán)利等領(lǐng)域處于無權(quán)地位,這種地位與她們在酒神慶典中的狂歡形象和觀賞戲劇演出的“自由自在”形象形成對比,突出酒神節(jié)對古希臘婦女的積極影響。第三章:本章試探性辨析婦女參加酒神慶典的原因。男性敬畏酒神、祈盼葡萄豐產(chǎn)和使自己遠離慶典中的各種“危險”,他們因而吸納婦女參加酒神節(jié)日。婦女參加酒神慶典不只是男性的推動,還有她們自身的原因。祭祀酒神是婦女不可推卸的神圣責任,她們?yōu)榱俗非蟾嗟木裎幕詈蛿U大社會交往空間,婦女們主動參與到酒神祭祀的行列之中。
[Abstract]:Ancient Greece is one of the birthplaces of human civilization. Ancient Greek civilization has left behind rich cultural, artistic heritage. The ancient Greek religious festival to worship the gods is one of the most representative cultural heritage. This article based on many religious festivals in the Dionysus Festival, using history, psychology, political science. Related knowledge and methods of religion and sociology. The author analyzes the worship of Dionysus tentatively. The situation of women going out of the house to participate in Dionysus celebrations and the reasons for their participation. Ancient Greece was a patriarchal society in which men had absolute control in economic, political, military, sports and other fields. Women are in the position of dependence on men. However, we cannot assume that women have no right in ancient Greek society, that they have the right to participate in the worship of Dionysus... and. They also play a very important role in sacrificial activities. Women have the right to participate in the worship of wine gods, which does not fundamentally change their situation of low social status. The sense of loneliness and inferiority caused by women being away from society has been temporarily alleviated and overcome. This paper consists of three parts: introduction and text. References. The text is divided into three chapters. Introduction: including the reason of the topic and the significance of the topic. The first chapter summarizes the evolution of Dionysus worship from Crete civilization to city-state civilization. And then summed up the ancient Greeks in the process of worship Dionysus gradually evolved into four kinds of festivals: the Festival of the Flower and the Festival of Lena. Then the basic rituals and main contents of the four kinds of wine god festival were stated. The first chapter identified the scope of the study on the image status of ancient Greek women. That is, from the perspective of Dionysus culture. Chapter two: this chapter first from the political rights, legal independence, property inheritance rights, marriage rights and divorce rights in six areas, analysis of the living conditions of women in ancient Greece. Most of the time they had to stay at home to do tedious housework and perform the duties of husband and child. Dionysus holiday came. Women can go out of their homes to participate in Dionysus celebrations. Their usual accumulated unhappiness and troubles are temporarily forgotten and their bodies and minds are relaxed. The Dionysus celebration relieves women's usual tension. Enriched their spiritual and cultural life, transferred women dissatisfied with patriarchal society spearhead. It is beneficial to the stability and development of ancient Greek society. Another important significance of Dionysus celebration is that it gave birth to the ancient Greek dramatic art. Women went out to watch wonderful theatrical performances and a lively and relaxed atmosphere of theatrical creation. Not only have women not been excluded from drama literature, but they have become the inspiration and source of drama creation by drama writers. Firstly, this chapter analyzes that women have no right in political rights and other fields. This status contrasts with their carnival image in the Dionysus celebration and the "free" image of watching theatrical performances. Chapter three: this chapter is a tentative analysis of the reasons for women's participation in the Dionysus celebrations. The male reveres the Dionysus, prays for the high yield of grapes and keeps himself away from all kinds of "dangers" in the celebration. Women are not only promoted by men, but also for their own reasons. It is a sacred duty that women cannot shirk. In order to pursue more spiritual and cultural life and expand the social communication space, women actively participate in the ranks of Dionysus sacrifice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：K125

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