【摘要】：《國史大綱》與《中國史綱》兩部史學名著,成書于戰(zhàn)火紛飛的二十世紀三四十年代。在著史宗旨方面,錢穆著《國史大綱》意在以史學而喚醒國魂,挖掘中國文化的自信,激發(fā)人們抗戰(zhàn)必勝的堅定信念;而張蔭麟著《中國史綱》,則有感于當時高中生國史知識之低下,故普及歷史知識以為民族空前大轉(zhuǎn)變時期的“自知之助”。在史學思想上,錢穆用文化、生命、人生來概括歷史的本質(zhì),形成了別具一格的民族文化生命史觀,《國史大綱》之濃郁的文化氣息、深沉的民族情感都是這一史觀的集中體現(xiàn);而張蔭麟則融合傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)史之學與西方哲學、社會學,認為史學是科學與藝術(shù)的結(jié)合,《中國史綱》取舍文獻史料、記述歷史人事呈現(xiàn)出科學的精神與藝術(shù)的風姿。關(guān)于兩書的體例,《國史大綱》揚棄傳統(tǒng)綱目體,融合章節(jié)體,依時間順序編排章節(jié),既因事命篇又縱向貫通、橫向聯(lián)系,形成完整的通史的脈絡(luò);《中國史綱》“以說故事的方式”記述歷史,則將紀事本末體、紀傳體與章節(jié)體相糅合,充分發(fā)揮了紀事本末體自為起訖的優(yōu)點以及紀傳體善于容納綜合的特點,形成了“新紀事本末體”。在歷史敘述方面,《國史大綱》強調(diào)民族本位、國族本位以及民族文化對歷史發(fā)展的決定作用,其行文敘事充滿濃郁深沉的情感;而《中國史綱》強調(diào)“社會的變遷,思想的貢獻,和若干重大人物的性格”兼顧并詳,行文敘事多表現(xiàn)冷峻、理性內(nèi)斂而又平和的特點。
[Abstract]:Two historical masterpieces, outline of Chinese History and outline of Chinese History, were written in the 1930s and 1940s. In terms of the purpose of writing history, Qian Mu's outline of the History of China is intended to awaken the soul of the country through historiography, excavate the confidence of Chinese culture, and stimulate the firm belief that people will win the War of Resistance against Japan. On the other hand, Zhang Yulin's "outline of Chinese History" was influenced by the low knowledge of Chinese history in senior high school students at that time. Therefore, the popularization of historical knowledge was regarded as the "help of self-knowledge" in the period of unprecedented change of the nation. On the thought of historiography, Qian Mu summed up the essence of history with culture, life and life, and formed a unique view of the history of national culture and the rich cultural atmosphere of the outline of National History. The deep national emotion is the concentrated embodiment of this historical view; Zhang Yulin, on the other hand, combines traditional classical history with western philosophy and sociology, and holds that historiography is the combination of science and art. In the outline of Chinese History, the historical personnel presents a scientific spirit and artistic demeanor by choosing the historical materials of literature. As for the style of the two books, the outline of Chinese History sublates the traditional syllabus, merges the chapters, arranges the chapters in chronological order, and forms a complete vein of general history because of the order and vertical connection, and the horizontal connection between the two books. "the narrative of history in the way of telling a story" in the outline of Chinese History merges the end of the chronicle, the chronology and the chapter, giving full play to the advantages of the chronicle itself, as well as the fact that the chronology is good at accommodating and synthesizing the essence and the end of the chronicle, as well as the characteristics of the chronology being good at accommodating and synthesizing. Formed a "new chronicle, the end of the body." In the aspect of historical narration, the outline of National History emphasizes the national standard, the national standard and the decisive function of the national culture to the historical development, and its writing narration is full of strong and deep emotion; The outline of Chinese History emphasizes that "the change of society, the contribution of thought, and the character of some important figures" should be taken into account, and the narrative in writing shows the characteristics of cold, rational introversion and peace.
【學位授予單位】：淮北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K092

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