【摘要】：史家多強(qiáng)調(diào)歷史敘事的真實(shí)。中國傳統(tǒng)史家更秉持"實(shí)錄"精神,但對(duì)"實(shí)錄"內(nèi)涵并無嚴(yán)格的邏輯界定。歷史敘事是史學(xué)家從各種資料和證據(jù)中還原過去的事件,被還原的實(shí)情就是"史實(shí)"。史實(shí)可能無限接近事件原貌,但不等于客觀事實(shí),更不等于真理,因此,純粹客觀的歷史記錄是不存在的。不同學(xué)科的融合增加了史料和證據(jù)的可驗(yàn)證性以及歷史敘事的客觀性,史學(xué)觀點(diǎn)和歷史真理比自然科學(xué)受到的驗(yàn)證更多。就此而言,歷史的邊界在消失。基于歷史的普適性,歷史廣泛地成為其他學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)和組成部分。由于人類理性差序,人們?cè)谝欢A段對(duì)客觀世界的正確認(rèn)識(shí)都是具體的、有條件限制的。每個(gè)人所獲得的"歷史真理"都是帶有一定主觀色彩的相對(duì)真理,對(duì)史學(xué)絕對(duì)真理的追求就是對(duì)相對(duì)真理無限揚(yáng)棄的過程。
[Abstract]:Historians emphasize the truth of historical narration. Chinese traditional historians uphold the spirit of "record of truth", but there is no strict logical definition of the connotation of "record of truth". Historical narration is the historical fact that historians restore past events from all kinds of materials and evidence. Historical facts may be infinitely close to the original appearance of events, but they are not equal to objective facts, nor are they equal to truth. Therefore, pure objective historical records do not exist. The combination of different disciplines increases the verifiability of historical data and evidence and the objectivity of historical narration. In this sense, the boundaries of history are disappearing. Based on the universality of history, history has become the foundation and component of other disciplines. Due to the different order of human rationality, the correct understanding of the objective world is concrete and conditional at a certain stage. The "historical truth" obtained by everyone is the relative truth with certain subjective color, and the pursuit of the absolute truth of historiography is the process of sublation of the relative truth.
【作者單位】： 南京大學(xué)中華民國史中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究基地重大招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目(13JJD770014)資助
【分類號(hào)】：K03

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