評(píng)“人人都是他自己的歷史學(xué)家”——兼論相對(duì)主義的歷史闡釋
[Abstract]:The famous slogan of American historian Carl Becker, "everyone is his own historian", is the symbolic declaration of contemporary western historical theory from positivism to relativism, representing the absolute relativistic view of history. Becker wrongly deals with the relationship between events and facts, memory and facts. By dividing the objective history from the subject's understanding of the objective history and abandoning the objectivity, he determines that history is the history of imagination and forms the evil result of absolute relativism theory. History is the fact, not the imagination; the history is the fact and the confirmation about the development trend and the general law of the country, the nation and the human society, but not the fragmentary personal experience and memory. The general trend of history consists of three directions: the events that determine or affect the course of history, the living state of human and national society, and the general law of historical development. The empirical study of history is indispensable, but the fundamental significance of historical research is to grasp the general trend of history, to discover the law of history, and to point out the future for the action of present man. The expansion of history is the expansion of facts and laws. The compulsory interpretation of history deviates from historical facts, subverts the datum of facts, and interprets history in accordance with the previous conclusion with the preposition and mode. Toynbee's model of historical civilization system, the study of historical Noumenon forcefully with established off-site theory, and the historical truth with literary discourse are the main manifestations of compulsive interpretation of history. There must be a limit to the application of any field theory. The historical text of literature and the historical literary text must be soberly analyzed. The history of compulsory interpretation is not history.
【作者單位】: 中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院;
【分類號(hào)】:K091
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