本文選題：官吏階級(jí) + 庶民階級(jí)�。� 參考：《華僑大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：中國(guó)古史分期的主要流派——西周封建說(shuō)和戰(zhàn)國(guó)封建說(shuō)以及魏晉封建說(shuō)——爭(zhēng)議的核心是奴隸社會(huì)與封建社會(huì)的分期,因而其根本謬誤,乃在于皆以為奴隸社會(huì)是中國(guó)歷史發(fā)展必經(jīng)階段。殊不知,奴隸社會(huì)和封建社會(huì)都不是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的必經(jīng)階段。只不過(guò),在沒(méi)有外來(lái)社會(huì)介入或影響的條件下,任何國(guó)家都只可能跨越其一而不可能全部跨越;究竟跨越奴隸社會(huì)還是封建社會(huì),完全是偶然的可選擇的依人的意志而轉(zhuǎn)移的:這就是五千年來(lái)中國(guó)有奴隸制卻沒(méi)有奴隸社會(huì)的客觀(guān)原因。中國(guó)之所以會(huì)選擇封建社會(huì)而跨越奴隸社會(huì),是因?yàn)檫x擇者無(wú)疑是全權(quán)壟斷強(qiáng)大無(wú)比的官吏階級(jí),而不可能是全權(quán)喪失軟弱無(wú)力的庶民階級(jí)。官吏階級(jí)所選擇和追求的勢(shì)必是對(duì)官吏階級(jí)最有利的社會(huì),亦即以生產(chǎn)資料官有制的封建制為主導(dǎo)——而伴之以官有制的資本主義和奴隸制——的官農(nóng)奴制封建社會(huì):這就是五千年來(lái)中國(guó)有奴隸制卻沒(méi)有奴隸社會(huì)的主觀(guān)原因。
[Abstract]:The core of the controversy between the Western Zhou Dynasty feudal theory and warring States feudal theory and Wei Jin feudal theory is the division of slave society and feudal society, so its fundamental fallacy is that the ancient history of China is divided into two major schools: the Western Zhou Dynasty and the warring States period. It is believed that slave society is a necessary stage in the development of Chinese history. However, slave society and feudal society are not a necessary stage of national development. But, without the intervention or influence of foreign societies, no country can span but not all of them: whether it is a slave society or a feudal society, This is the objective reason why China has had slavery but no slave society for five thousand years. The reason why China chose the feudal society to cross the slave society was because the elector was undoubtedly a powerful and powerful official class, rather than the ordinary people class. What the official class chooses and pursues is bound to be the most advantageous society for the official class. That is, the feudal system dominated by the official system of means of production-and accompanied by the official system of capitalism and slavery-the feudal society of official serfdom: this is the subjective reason why there has been slavery but no slave society in China for five thousand years.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)哲學(xué)系;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金一般項(xiàng)目“社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀(guān)與國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化的內(nèi)在邏輯研究”(16BKS087)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K092

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