本文關鍵詞： 張聞天 中西文化觀 新民主主義文化觀　出處：《山東師范大學》2002年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 張聞天是中國共產(chǎn)黨史上一位杰出的革命家和理論家。他為近現(xiàn)代中國的革命和建設奉獻了畢生的精力，為毛澤東思想的形成和發(fā)展做出了重要的貢獻。他在文化領域頗有建樹，他以深厚的文化底蘊和較高的理論素養(yǎng)，系統(tǒng)地闡述了有關新民主義文化思想并在中國現(xiàn)代文藝理論、史學理論等方面有新穎的見解。本文擬就張聞天的文化思想作一探討，找出他思想的成因及其主要內(nèi)涵。本文共分以下三部分： 第一部分，張聞天的早期文化觀。中國近代啟蒙思想和西方現(xiàn)代文明成為張聞天早期文化思想形成的主要淵源，幼年傳統(tǒng)的儒學教育、青年時期所接受的西方文化知識都為張聞天形成全面的文化觀提供了豐富的資源。中西文化大論戰(zhàn)中提出辯證、全面的新舊文化和中西文化觀，認為要“整理國故”并有系統(tǒng)的翻譯歐美書籍，頗具開放意識。早年接受并宣傳馬克思主義唯物史觀，翻譯《共產(chǎn)黨宣言》“十大綱領”，為馬克思主義在中國的早期傳播做出了貢獻。本節(jié)以張聞天所受早期教育為出發(fā)點，系統(tǒng)考察了他在多種西方社會思潮(新村主義、無抵抗主義、柏格森哲學等)中探索中國發(fā)展道路的心路歷程，體現(xiàn)了那一時代的知識分子上下求索的精神，著重介紹了他早期接受并傳播馬克思主義的思想進程，突出表現(xiàn)張聞天成長為優(yōu)秀的無產(chǎn)階級革命家的早期準備。 第二部分，張聞天的新民主主義文化觀。1925年——1931年留學蘇聯(lián)期間，更為深入的學習探討馬克思列寧主義，并隨時研究中國革命形勢，為他新民主主義文化思想的形成提供了必要的理論準備。歸國后兩條路線的斗爭中。逐步總結經(jīng)驗，擺脫“左”傾思想，首先在他熟悉的文藝領域打破束縛，抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期，為滿足抗戰(zhàn)建國的需要，總結近代史上的文化論爭，系統(tǒng)地闡述了“民族的、民主的、科學的、大眾的”新民主主義文化思想。這與毛澤東的新民主主義文化發(fā)展論是一致的，對當今文化建設有重要的借鑒意義。本節(jié)主要闡述張聞天新民主主義文化觀形成過程中所經(jīng)歷的曲折道路、關于文化發(fā)展論的內(nèi)涵，突出張聞天在新民主主義文化理論建設中的貢獻。 第三部分，張聞天的文學和史學觀。年輕時代多年的文學創(chuàng)作經(jīng)歷使他形成了兼容并蓄、為我所用的文學思想。在20年代文學界浪漫主義與現(xiàn)實主義之爭中，張聞天堅持資助社會、資助人生的觀點，提倡文學創(chuàng)作方法為我所用的辯證思想。他既注重文藝的社會作用又強調(diào)文藝的自身特質(zhì)。多年革命斗爭的經(jīng)驗又 使他對此有了更為深刻的認識，30年代文藝論爭中，針對左翼文藝批評家在“文 藝自由論辯”和“文藝大眾化”討論中存在的“左”傾關門主義，提出多種文學 形式并存，主張文藝多元化，反對文學成為某一階級“政治留聲機”的觀點。他 的譯著也有體現(xiàn)了他的這種文學觀，本文也稍有涉及。 關于史學思想，由張聞天編著的《中國現(xiàn)代革命運動史》在30年代就曾產(chǎn) 生廣泛影響，，其中所蘊涵的史學思想為后世所矚目。本文著重闡述了《中國現(xiàn)代 革命運動史》所體現(xiàn)的以唯物史觀為指導的史學觀，其中最突出的特點就是注重 歷史經(jīng)驗教訓的總結和對歷史事實的記錄，充分體現(xiàn)了他作為馬克思主義者的事 實求實、尊重客觀真理的精神。這也使他在中國近代史學發(fā)展中占有一席之地。 史學界對張聞天的研究起步較晚，主要工作仍停留在資料收集階段，1993 年出版有程中原的《張聞天傳》，主要介紹張聞天生平。2000年張聞天誕辰 100 周年，理論界和學術界對張聞天研究有所深入。從總體上來看，張聞天研究成果 多集中在他的政治思想、經(jīng)濟思想領域，對于文化思想的研究仍需深入。本文即 以此為出發(fā)點，希望能夠對張聞天的文化思想形成、內(nèi)涵及意義作一系統(tǒng)考察， 為張聞天這樣一位偉大的革命家和理論家的思想研究盡綿薄之力。
[Abstract]:Zhang Wentian is the Communist Party of Chinese history an outstanding revolutionist and theorist. He dedicated devoted his whole life to the revolution and construction of modern Chinese, made an important contribution to the formation and development of Mao Zedong thought. He has made great achievements in the field of culture, with his profound theoretical accomplishment and accumulate high cultural background, system represented the new democratic cultural and ideological China in modern literary theory, a novel insights into the theory of history and so on. This paper makes a discussion of Zhang Wentian's cultural thought, and find out the cause of his thought and main content of this paper is divided into three parts:
The first part of Zhang Wentian's early cultural outlook. Chinese modern enlightenment and modern western civilization has become the main source of Zhang Wentian's early cultural thoughts, the traditional Confucian education of youth, youth accepted knowledge of western culture provides rich resources comprehensive cultural view. Zhang Wentian formed the west culture debate puts forward a dialectical, comprehensive the new and old culture and Western culture, to sort out the translation system and the European books, a sense of openness. Early acceptance and propaganda Marx materialism, "Communist Manifesto" translation "ten program", made a contribution to the early spread of the Marx doctrine in China section of the Zhang Wentian. By the early education as the starting point, he was investigated in a variety of Western Social Thought (village, no resistance, Bergson Philosophy) in exploring China's development road The path of the road reflects the spirit of intellectuals in the era. He emphatically introduced the process of his early acceptance and dissemination of Marx thought, highlighting Zhang Wentian's early preparation for being an excellent proletarian revolutionist.
The second part of Zhang Wentian's new democratic culture in.1925 1931 study in the Soviet Union during the discussion of Marx Lenin's more in-depth study, and at any time of China revolutionary situation, provide the necessary theoretical preparation for the formation of his new democratic culture. After returning from the struggle between the two lines. By summing up experience, get rid of the left leaning thought, first in his familiar literary field to break the fetters, the Anti Japanese War, in order to meet the needs of the founding of the Anti Japanese War, summarize the cultural debates in modern history, systematically expounded the "national, democratic, scientific, popular" new democratic culture. This is Mao Zedong's new democratic culture development the theory is consistent, is of important significance to contemporary cultural construction. This section mainly expounds Zhang Wentian new democratic culture formation in the process of winding on the road, The connotation of the theory of cultural development highlights Zhang Wentian's contribution to the construction of the new democratic culture theory.
The third part, Zhang Wentian's literary and historical view. The young age years of literary creation experience make him a useful literary thought. Fully inclusive and equitable, in the 20s literary romanticism and realism of the battle, Zhang Wentian insisted on funding social life, finance viewpoint, dialectical thought advocated use method of literary creation. He not only pays attention to the society the role of literature and emphasizing literary qualities. Their years of revolutionary struggle and experience
He had a more profound understanding of this, in the 30s literature and art controversy, the left wing literary critics in the "Wen"
The "left" closed door doctrine in the discussion of art and art and the discussion of the popularization of literature and art, and put forward a variety of literature
The form coexists, the main Zhang literature is diversified, and the opposition to literature becomes the viewpoint of a class "political phonograph".
He also reflects his view of literature, this paper also slightly involved.
On the thought of history, the history of the Chinese modern revolutionary movement, compiled by Zhang Wentian, was produced in 30s
There is a wide range of influence, and the historical thoughts contained in it have attracted the attention of the later generations.
The historical view embodied in the history of revolutionary movement, which is guided by historical materialism, is the most prominent feature of which is to pay attention to
The summary of historical experience and the record of historical facts fully reflect his affairs as a Marx.
To be realistic and to respect the spirit of objective truth, this also makes him occupy a place in the development of modern Chinese history.
The study of Zhang Wentian started late in the history circle, and the main work is still in the stage of data collection, 1993
Cheng Zhongyuan's book of Zhang Wentian was published in, mainly introducing Zhang Wentian's birthday of Zhang Wentian's life,.2000, 100
On the anniversary, the theoretical and academic circles have a deep study of Zhang Wentian. On the whole, the research results of Zhang Wentian
More concentrated in his political thought, the field of economic thought, the study of cultural thought still needs to go deep.
As a starting point, we hope to make a systematic review of the formation, connotation and significance of Zhang Wentian's cultural thought.
The thought of a great revolutionist and theorist such as Zhang Wentian has done his best.

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：I206.6;K092.6

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 羅曉君;延安時期張聞天與馬克思主義中國化研究[D];延安大學;2010年

本文編號：1510718