【摘要】：代際沖突是代際關系中的一種表現(xiàn)形式,也可稱之為"代溝",廣義是指兩代人之間在價值觀念、思想內(nèi)容、生活態(tài)度以及認知方式、興趣愛好等方面的不同,狹義是指親代(父母)與子代(子女)在上述方面的差異,而擇偶方面的代際沖突是指:親代與子代在擇偶觀、擇偶方式、擇偶偏好等方面的差異。由于親代與子代面對不同的進化壓力,導致?lián)衽计蒙系拇H沖突愈加凸顯,因此在進化論的框架內(nèi),在廣義適合度理論、親代投資理論、自私的基因理論以及性選擇理論的基礎上展開對擇偶偏好上代際沖突的實驗研究。實驗一目的是通過問卷,探討擇偶偏好在資源與基因兩個方面的代際沖突及其性別差異。實驗結果驗證了假設:親代為子代擇偶時比子代更偏好資源標準,其中母親為女兒擇偶時更為偏好;而子代擇偶時要比親代為其擇偶時更偏好于基因標準,兒子比女兒更為突出。實驗二目的是驗證在對資源與基因進行二者擇優(yōu)選其一的迫選擇偶情境中,親代與子代是否會堅持在實驗一中的擇偶偏好。實驗把基因因素與資源因素結合起來操縱擇偶偏好上代際沖突的影響。實驗結果表明:在長期擇偶策略條件下,母親為女兒擇偶時依然顯著偏好于資源因素,而女兒對這兩者偏好差異并不顯著,也就是說,需要同時考慮這兩個因素時,女兒對基因的偏好強度被資源削弱;而兒子依然對基因標準偏好顯著,父親卻對兩者偏好差異并不顯著,但與兒子相比依然偏好于資源標準。實驗三目的是根據(jù)已有研究和理論,選擇相似面孔為顯型基因變量,進一步驗證在基因偏好上的代際沖突。實驗結果顯示:在長期擇偶策略條件下,親代為子代選擇配偶時對面孔類型偏好差異不顯著,但其中父親對于含有自我相似面孔的潛在兒媳婦的偏好是邊緣顯著;子代偏好于含有自我相似面孔的潛在配偶,其中兒子比女兒偏好更強烈。
[Abstract]:Intergenerational conflict is a form of expression in intergenerational relations, which can also be called "generation gap". In a broad sense, it refers to the differences between generations in terms of values, ideological content, attitude to life, cognitive styles, interests and hobbies, etc. The narrow sense refers to the differences between parents (parents) and offspring (children) in the above aspects, while the intergenerational conflict in mate selection refers to the differences between parents and offspring in the view of mate selection, the mode of mate selection, the preference of mate selection and so on. Due to the different evolutionary pressures faced by parents and offspring, the intergenerational conflict of preference for mate selection becomes more and more prominent. Therefore, within the framework of evolution theory, the theory of generalized fitness, parental investment theory, On the basis of selfishness gene theory and sex selection theory, the experimental study on the intergenerational conflict of mate preference is carried out. The purpose of the first experiment is to explore the intergenerational conflict and the gender difference between resource and gene in mate selection preference by questionnaire. The results of the experiment verify the hypothesis that the parents prefer the resource standard to the offspring, and the mother to the daughter prefers the resource standard; The offspring are more inclined to the genetic standard than their parents, and the son is more prominent than the daughter. The purpose of experiment 2 is to verify whether parents and offspring will stick to the preference of mate in experiment 1 in the case of forced selection of resources and genes. The experiment combined genetic factors with resource factors to manipulate the effects of intergenerational conflict on mate preference. The results show that, under the condition of long-term mating strategy, the mother still prefers the resource factor when she is the daughter, but the difference between the two factors is not significant, that is, when the two factors need to be considered at the same time, Daughters' preference for genes is weakened by resources; However, the son still has a significant preference for genetic criteria, while the father has no significant difference in their preferences, but he still prefers the resource standard compared with his son. The third aim of the experiment is to select similar faces as explicit genetic variables according to previous studies and theories to further verify the intergenerational conflict in gene preference. The results show that under the condition of long-term mate selection strategy, there is no significant difference in the preference for face type in the selection of spouse by the parents, but the preference of the father for the potential daughter-in-law with self-similar faces is marginal significant. Offspring prefer potential spouses with self-similar faces, with sons preferring more than daughters.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.1

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