返鄉(xiāng)青年社會適應的社會工作介入研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-18 07:41
【摘要】：建國以后,人口快速增長,過多的人口增長,使農村出現(xiàn)了大量閑置勞動力。進入新的歷史時期,我國沿海經濟快速發(fā)展,受拉力的影響,為了獲取更好的經濟利益,大量農村勞動力開始在城市定居、工作和生活。而中國幾千年來的農業(yè)政策將農民長期依附于土地上,形成了特有的重土文化,“安土重遷”是中國幾千年來農業(yè)社會下的真實寫照。經濟的快速發(fā)展正在沖擊著這種文化,但由于城鄉(xiāng)二元體制的長期存在,第一代農民工外出打工只是離鄉(xiāng)不離土,他們仍然以農業(yè)為主,進城打工只是他們農忙之外的一種選擇罷了,這種外出打工具有短暫性、周期性的特點。新世紀以來,以受過高等教育的80后90后為代表的新生代青年農民工成為農村流向城市的主要農民工群體。較之第一代農民工,他們有著更高的知識水平,更好的專業(yè)技能,他們不僅只是想在城市獲得勞動收入,而是懷著城市夢,想在城市有立錐之地,最終成為城市的一員。然而,夢想與現(xiàn)實總有差距,一方面,城市高昂的物價和巨大的生活壓力以及政策影響是阻礙農民工留在城市的重要因素;另一方面,城市中的價值觀、城市的社會關系網絡也給農民工留城形成了巨大挑戰(zhàn)。受這些因素的影響,很多勞動力無奈之下不得不返回家鄉(xiāng)。但由于這一代農民工受城市影響很深,對農村社會生活并不是太熟悉,因此返鄉(xiāng)之后又面臨著農村生活社會適應問題。當返鄉(xiāng)青年不能適應農村生活而出現(xiàn)適應性障礙時,社會工作者應該如何介入,這成為本次研究要解決的主要問題。本研究以蒲韓合作社為研究地點,以蒲韓合作社的返鄉(xiāng)青年為研究對象,運用文獻法、觀察法和訪談法進行調查研究,通過實地調研,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)蒲韓合作社的部分返鄉(xiāng)青年存在社會適應性障礙,具體來說主要包括心理適應障礙和人際關系適應障礙。因此,在本次研究中,筆者針對這些適應障礙開展了個案工作和小組工作介入,協(xié)助案主調整當前的不適。通過介入發(fā)現(xiàn),具有心理適應障礙的返鄉(xiāng)青年需要得到家人以及親朋好友的支持理解,而要提高人際關系適應能力,則需要從根本上改變返鄉(xiāng)青年們對鄉(xiāng)村社會的錯誤認知。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rapid growth of population and excessive population growth caused a large number of idle labor in rural areas. In the new historical period, the coastal economy of our country develops rapidly and is influenced by the pulling force. In order to obtain better economic benefits, a large number of rural labor force begin to settle, work and live in the city. The agricultural policy of China for thousands of years has attached farmers to the land for a long time, and formed a special culture of heavy soil. "relocating the land" is the true portrayal of the agricultural society in China for thousands of years. The rapid development of the economy is impacting on this culture. However, due to the long-term existence of the urban-rural dual system, the first generation of migrant workers are only leaving their homes to work outside their native areas, and they still rely mainly on agriculture. Migrant workers are only an alternative to their busyness, which is short-lived and periodic. Since the new century, the new generation of young migrant workers, represented by the post-80s generation with higher education, has become the main group of rural migrant workers flowing to cities. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they have a higher level of knowledge, better professional skills, they not only want to obtain labor income in the city, but also dream of a city, want to have a place in the city, eventually become a member of the city. However, there is always a gap between dreams and reality. On the one hand, high prices and enormous living pressure in cities and the impact of policies are important factors preventing migrant workers from staying in cities; on the other hand, values in cities, The social network of the city also forms the enormous challenge to the peasant laborer to stay in the city. Affected by these factors, many of the labor force had to return to their hometown. However, the peasant workers of this generation are deeply influenced by the city and are not too familiar with the rural social life, so they are faced with the problem of social adaptation of rural life after returning home. The main problem of this study is how social workers should intervene when returning youth can not adapt to rural life and have adaptive obstacles. This study takes Pu-Han Cooperative as the research place, takes Pu-Han cooperative's returning youth as the research object, uses the literature method, the observation method and the interview method to carry on the investigation and research, through the field investigation, The author found that some of the returning youth in Puhan Cooperative had social adaptability barriers, specifically, including psychological adaptation and interpersonal relationship adaptation. Therefore, in this study, the author carried out case work and group intervention to assist the victim to adjust the current discomfort. Through intervention, it was found that the young homecoming with mental adaptation disorder needed the support and understanding of their families and relatives, but in order to improve their interpersonal adaptability, they needed to fundamentally change their wrong cognition of the rural society.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C916
本文編號：2278451
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rapid growth of population and excessive population growth caused a large number of idle labor in rural areas. In the new historical period, the coastal economy of our country develops rapidly and is influenced by the pulling force. In order to obtain better economic benefits, a large number of rural labor force begin to settle, work and live in the city. The agricultural policy of China for thousands of years has attached farmers to the land for a long time, and formed a special culture of heavy soil. "relocating the land" is the true portrayal of the agricultural society in China for thousands of years. The rapid development of the economy is impacting on this culture. However, due to the long-term existence of the urban-rural dual system, the first generation of migrant workers are only leaving their homes to work outside their native areas, and they still rely mainly on agriculture. Migrant workers are only an alternative to their busyness, which is short-lived and periodic. Since the new century, the new generation of young migrant workers, represented by the post-80s generation with higher education, has become the main group of rural migrant workers flowing to cities. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they have a higher level of knowledge, better professional skills, they not only want to obtain labor income in the city, but also dream of a city, want to have a place in the city, eventually become a member of the city. However, there is always a gap between dreams and reality. On the one hand, high prices and enormous living pressure in cities and the impact of policies are important factors preventing migrant workers from staying in cities; on the other hand, values in cities, The social network of the city also forms the enormous challenge to the peasant laborer to stay in the city. Affected by these factors, many of the labor force had to return to their hometown. However, the peasant workers of this generation are deeply influenced by the city and are not too familiar with the rural social life, so they are faced with the problem of social adaptation of rural life after returning home. The main problem of this study is how social workers should intervene when returning youth can not adapt to rural life and have adaptive obstacles. This study takes Pu-Han Cooperative as the research place, takes Pu-Han cooperative's returning youth as the research object, uses the literature method, the observation method and the interview method to carry on the investigation and research, through the field investigation, The author found that some of the returning youth in Puhan Cooperative had social adaptability barriers, specifically, including psychological adaptation and interpersonal relationship adaptation. Therefore, in this study, the author carried out case work and group intervention to assist the victim to adjust the current discomfort. Through intervention, it was found that the young homecoming with mental adaptation disorder needed the support and understanding of their families and relatives, but in order to improve their interpersonal adaptability, they needed to fundamentally change their wrong cognition of the rural society.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C916
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，本文編號：2278451
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