【摘要】：“社會資本”最初是經(jīng)濟學術(shù)語，由法國社會學家皮埃爾·布爾迪厄在20世紀90年代提出，此后，對于社會資本的研究引起越來越多學者的關(guān)注。真正在政治領(lǐng)域首次使用“社會資本”一詞的是美國的政治和社會學家羅伯特·D·帕特南，發(fā)展至今，社會資本已經(jīng)成為人們學術(shù)研究的重要工具。隨著政治經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展，對社會資本研究的范圍也日益廣泛，例如，政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、社會等諸多領(lǐng)域。社會穩(wěn)定是政治發(fā)展的重要方面，社會穩(wěn)定可以分為剛性穩(wěn)定和柔性穩(wěn)定，顧名思義，剛性穩(wěn)定是以國家強制力為基礎(chǔ)的，柔性穩(wěn)定則是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的真正的社會穩(wěn)定。社會資本對柔性社會穩(wěn)定的建設(shè)具有十分重要的意義，社會發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的社會穩(wěn)定問題的解決都需要良好社會資本的培育。本文主要從社會資本的角度出發(fā)，分四大部分對研究如何維護社會的柔性穩(wěn)定進行研究。 第一部分：對社會資本和社會穩(wěn)定的概念和內(nèi)涵做了基本概括，將社會穩(wěn)定分為剛性社會穩(wěn)定和柔性社會穩(wěn)定，，并分別對其進行論述，為進一步研究社會資本理論提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二部分：分析了剛性社會穩(wěn)定對社會發(fā)展的阻礙以及建設(shè)社會的柔性穩(wěn)定的必然性，同時論述了社會資本對社會穩(wěn)定建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)性，首先，信任有利于促進合作，減少沖突；其次，社會規(guī)范有利于社會各階層的共同發(fā)展；最后，公民參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)有利于社會和諧和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。 第三部分：首先對我國社會資本的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，包括我國社會資本發(fā)展的兩次變遷：傳統(tǒng)型向單位型社會資本的變遷；單位型向新型社會資本的變遷，我國當前社會資本發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)多元化和不均勻化的特點。其次是從社會資本短缺對柔性社會的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的制約因素方面進行分析，信任危機、社會規(guī)范的缺失以及公民參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)滯后都阻礙社會的柔性穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。 第四部分：對如何培育我國社會資本來建設(shè)我國的柔性社會穩(wěn)定提出了相應(yīng)的對策。一是信任層面的分析，包括政府、企業(yè)和個人誠信體系的建設(shè)；二是社會規(guī)范層面的分析，包括公民道德和行政規(guī)范化建設(shè)；三是參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)層面的分析，包括公民的有序參與和大力發(fā)展民間組織。大力培育適合我國發(fā)展需要的社會資本，促進我國社會柔性穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展，有利于我國社會和諧穩(wěn)定健康的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The term "social capital" was originally put forward by Pierre Bourdieu, a French sociologist, in the 1990s. Since then, more and more scholars have paid attention to the study of social capital. Robert D. Patnam, a political and sociologist in the United States, used the term "social capital" for the first time in the political field. Up to now, social capital has become an important tool for academic research. With the development of politics and economy, the scope of social capital research is more and more extensive, such as politics, economy, culture, society and so on. Social stability is an important aspect of political development. Social stability can be divided into rigid stability and flexible stability. As the name implies, rigid stability is based on national coercive force, and flexible stability is the real social stability of sustainable development. Social capital is of great significance to the construction of flexible social stability. The solution of social stability problems in social development requires the cultivation of good social capital. This paper mainly from the angle of social capital, divided into four parts to study how to maintain social flexibility and stability. The first part: the concept and connotation of social capital and social stability are summarized. Social stability is divided into rigid social stability and flexible social stability. It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of social capital theory. In the second part, the author analyzes the inevitability of the rigid social stability to the social development and the necessity of constructing the social flexible stability. At the same time, it discusses the foundation of the social capital to the social stability construction. Firstly, trust is beneficial to promote cooperation and reduce the conflict. Secondly, social norms are conducive to the common development of all social strata; finally, citizen participation network is conducive to social harmony and stable development. The third part: firstly, it analyzes the current situation of the development of social capital in China, including the two changes of the development of social capital in China: the change from the traditional type to the unit type social capital, the change from the unit type to the new type social capital. China's current social capital development presents the characteristics of diversification and uneven. Secondly, it analyzes the constraints of social capital shortage on the stable development of flexible society. The trust crisis, the lack of social norms and the lag of citizen participation network all hinder the flexible and stable development of society. The fourth part: how to cultivate our country's social capital to build our country's flexible social stability put forward the corresponding countermeasure. The first is the analysis of the trust level, including the construction of the integrity system of the government, enterprises and individuals; the second is the analysis of the level of social norms, including the construction of civil morality and administrative standardization; the third is the analysis of participating in the network level. Including the orderly participation of citizens and vigorously develop civil society organizations. It is beneficial to the harmonious, stable and healthy development of our society to cultivate the social capital which is suitable for the development needs of our country and to promote the development of social flexibility and stability in our country.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：C91-06;D61

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