【摘要】：社會科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)在研究對象、方法和模式上存在顯著差異。為了正確對待二者之間的差異與融合,人們有必要重新審視諸如復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)范式等自然科學(xué)范式之于社會科學(xué)研究的適用性。適用性問題分析是研究科學(xué)思維和方法跨學(xué)科應(yīng)用的邏輯前提。剖析社會系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性本質(zhì),重構(gòu)社會科學(xué)的認(rèn)知模式,不僅有助于澄清復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)范式的理論基礎(chǔ)、實踐規(guī)范和方法,及其在社會科學(xué)研究中的適用層次及其適用度,交叉研究的成果也可以豐富和深化復(fù)雜性理論本身。人們運用復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)范式去認(rèn)識社會系統(tǒng),考慮到系統(tǒng)動態(tài)演化的過程性,擺脫機械決定論,改變了傳統(tǒng)社會科學(xué)的認(rèn)知模式。但是,這種方式卻常常只注意到社會系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)構(gòu)成和關(guān)系構(gòu)成,容易忽視社會系統(tǒng)的思想層面。事實上,社會系統(tǒng)思想層面的復(fù)雜性和多樣性,更有利于凸顯社會系統(tǒng)區(qū)別于自然系統(tǒng)的獨特性,同時也構(gòu)成了大部分社會科學(xué)理論和知識體系的本體論爭論的根源。復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)范式下的社會科學(xué)研究開啟了社會科學(xué)哲學(xué)研究的一個新方向,為在哲學(xué)層面上反思社會科學(xué)理論和實踐提供了重要平臺。
[Abstract]:There are significant differences in object, method and model between social science and natural science. In order to correctly deal with the difference and fusion between the two, it is necessary to re-examine the applicability of natural science paradigms such as complex system paradigm to social science research. Applicability analysis is the logical premise for studying the interdisciplinary application of scientific thinking and methods. Analyzing the complexity nature of social system and reconstructing the cognitive model of social science are not only helpful to clarify the theoretical basis, practical norms and methods of complex system paradigm, but also the applicable level and degree of application in social science research. The results of cross-research can also enrich and deepen the complexity theory itself. People use complex system paradigm to understand social system, consider the process of system dynamic evolution, get rid of mechanical determinism, and change the cognitive mode of traditional social science. However, this approach often only pays attention to the composition of the material and the relationship of the social system, and it is easy to ignore the ideological level of the social system. As a matter of fact, the complexity and diversity of the social system is more conducive to highlighting the uniqueness of the social system as distinct from the natural system, and it also constitutes the root of the ontological debate of most social science theories and knowledge systems. The social science research under the complex system paradigm opens a new direction of the philosophy research of social science and provides an important platform for the reflection of the theory and practice of the social science on the philosophical level.
【作者單位】： 山西大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)哲學(xué)研究中心;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金重點項目“語境論的社會科學(xué)哲學(xué)研究”(12AZX004) 山西省“三晉學(xué)者”特聘教授支持計劃階段性研究成果
【分類號】：C1

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